Back国庆长途出行警惕静脉血栓:专家详解预防措施
国庆长途出行警惕静脉血栓:专家详解预防措施
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中国新闻网1 hour agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

国庆长途出行警惕静脉血栓:专家详解预防措施

北京大学第三医院专家提醒:久坐不动可能诱发静脉血栓栓塞症,严重者可致猝死。

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国庆假期长途出行高峰,北京大学第三医院介入血管外科主任栾景源提醒,长时间久坐可能导致静脉血栓栓塞症,严重时可引发肺栓塞甚至猝死。专家建议通过定时活动下肢、适量补水及穿着宽松衣物等方式科学预防。

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Why It Matters

静脉血栓栓塞症包括下肢深静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞,久坐不动是其高危诱因。

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中新网北京9月30日电(张静)国庆假期,长途出行高峰来临。无论是乘飞机、坐火车还是自驾,长时间“窝”在座位上,很多人都经历过腿麻、脚肿。但你可能不知道,这背后可能暗藏着致命风险——静脉血栓栓塞症。针对假期出行如何科学防范静脉血栓栓塞症,中新健康记者采访了北京大学第三医院介入血管外科主任栾景源。

一、什么是静脉血栓栓塞症?

医学上称为静脉血栓栓塞症,主要包括下肢深静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞。血液缓慢瘀滞、血液成份异常导致的血液高凝状态、血管壁损伤都容易引起深静脉血栓形成。静脉血栓一旦脱落,可能随血流进入心脏、堵塞肺动脉,引起肺栓塞,严重时可突发休克甚至猝死。

下肢静脉血栓形成常表现为单侧下肢肿胀、疼痛、皮温升高、皮肤发红;肺栓塞可表现为活动后心慌、气喘,进而发展为静息时呼吸困难、胸痛、咳嗽甚至咯血,病情可能在数小时内迅速加重。

二、为什么久坐会形成血栓?

长时间保持固定坐姿不动,下肢下垂、膝关节屈曲,下肢静脉血流明显减慢,血流瘀滞容易凝结形成血块。突然起身活动时,血块可能脱离原位,随血流进入肺动脉引发肺栓塞。

因此,长途乘车、自驾、飞机等出行方式都有发生静脉血栓的风险。

三、哪些人风险更高?

乘车、自驾出行超过4小时,以下人群需格外警惕:

-有静脉血栓病史或血栓家族史,或凝血功能异常;

-近期接受过大手术、骨科手术,或近期有创伤、血管内皮损伤;

-患有恶性肿瘤,以及严重心、肝、肾疾病;

-妊娠或产褥期女性,长期服用避孕药、激素类药物;

-高龄、肥胖、长期久坐及吸烟人群。

四、如何科学预防?

1.定时活动下肢

避免久坐不动,每隔1-2小时起身活动数分钟;不便起身时,可在座位上反复做勾脚尖、绷脚尖及旋转踝部的踝泵运动,利用小腿肌肉收缩促进血液回流。

2.适量补水

适量喝水,避免血液因脱水而黏稠;同时通过如厕自然改变坐姿,减少持续久坐。

3.穿着宽松

避免紧身衣裤、鞋袜束缚肢体。

4.高危人群提前评估

有血栓病史、高凝状态或近期手术者,出行前建议咨询医生,评估是否需要药物预防,必要时可穿医用弹力袜,辅助下肢血液回流。

Open Questions

  • 高危人群预防性用药的具体药物种类有哪些?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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