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Backالأمم المتحدة تحذر من تزايد عدم المساواة في ألمانيا وتدعو إلى اتخاذ إجراءات
الأمم المتحدة تحذر من تزايد عدم المساواة في ألمانيا وتدعو إلى اتخاذ إجراءات
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دويتشه فيله16 minutes agoWorld2 min readArgentinaView translation

الأمم المتحدة تحذر من تزايد عدم المساواة في ألمانيا وتدعو إلى اتخاذ إجراءات

Quick Look

كشف تقرير للأمم المتحدة عن تفاقم عدم المساواة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية في ألمانيا، خاصةً بين النساء والمهاجرين واللاجئين والأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة وسكان شرق ألمانيا ومنطقة الرور، ودعا إلى فرض ضرائب تصاعدية وتعزيز الرعاية الاجتماعية وإزالة العوائق الهيكلية أمام المساواة.

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Why It Matters

جاء التقرير بعد زيارة المقرر الخاص للأمم المتحدة سوريا ديفا إلى ألمانيا في نوفمبر الماضي لتقييم تطبيق الحق في التنمية محليًا والوفاء بالالتزامات الدولية في مجال حقوق الإنسان.

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كشف تقرير صادر عن الأمم المتحدة عن وجود أوجه عدم مساواة في ألمانيا، ويدعو الحكومة الألمانية إلى بذل المزيد من الجهود لمعالجتها.

وفي تقريره، أدان المقرر الخاص للأمم المتحدة المعني بالحق في التنمية، سوريا ديفا، أوجه عدم المساواة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، وخاصة ما يتعلق بالأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة، والمهاجرين، واللاجئين، والنساء.

وكتب ديفا في تقريره: "تمثل أوجه عدم المساواة الاقتصادية مشكلة كبيرة في ألمانيا"، وأضاف: "فمنذ عام 2010، زادت أوجه التفاوت في الدخل والثروة، ما أسهم في انعدام الأمان الاجتماعي، لا سيما بين الشرائح الأدنى من الطبقة الوسطى".

ويؤثر ذلك بشكل خاص على النساء والأطفال والمهاجرين وسكان شرق ألمانيا وسكان منطقة الرور والأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة، وعلى سبيل المثال، ذكر ديفا في تقريره أن النساء في ألمانيا يتقاضين في المتوسط أجوراً تقل 16 بالمئة عن أجور الرجال.

جاء هذا التقرير بعد زيارة أجراها ديفا إلى ألمانيا في نوفمبر/ تشرين الثاني الماضي، بهدف الاطلاع على كيفية تطبيق ألمانيا للحق في التنمية محلياً، وما تقوم به للوفاء بالتزاماتها الدولية في مجال إعمال حقوق الإنسان، وفقاً للمعهد الألماني لحقوق الإنسان.

وخلال زيارته، أجرى ديفا محادثات مع وزارات ومنظمات غير حكومية وإدارات مدن ونشطاء وممثلين عن الشباب والمعهد الألماني لحقوق الإنسان، وزار عدة مدن ألمانية للاطلاع مباشرة على تطبيق الحق في التنمية في البلاد.

توصيات أممية لتقليص التفاوت الاجتماعي وتعزيز المساواة

لم يقتصر تقرير ديفا على رصد أوجه عدم المساواة في ألمانيا فحسب، بل قدم ملاحظات حول أفضل الممارسات والتحديات المتعلقة بالحق في التنمية، واختتم تقريره بتوصيات عملية لألمانيا هدفها تمكين التنمية الشاملة والمستدامة والتشاركية للجميع.

يقترح ديفا فرض ضرائب تصاعدية، وزيادة ضريبة الميراث، وتعزيز نظام الرعاية الاجتماعية لمواجهة هذه التفاوتات وعدم المساواة الاجتماعية.

كما يدعو ألمانيا إلى اتخاذ المزيد من التدابير لإزالة العوائق الهيكلية أمام المساواة بين الجنسين، ويشير هنا إلى توفير رعاية أطفال بأسعار معقولة، وملاجئ لضحايا العنف المنزلي، وزيادة الاستثمار في قطاع الرعاية .

أما فيما يخص الأشخاص من ذوي الإعاقة، فيقترح ديفا تعزيز إمكانية الوصول إلى الخدمات التعليمية، ويؤكد على ضرورة ترسيخ مشاركة الأطفال والأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة والمهاجرين.

نجاحات ألمانيا في مجال حقوق الإنسان في خطر

أشاد سوريا ديفا بجهود ألمانيا في حقوق الإنسان، ولكنه يرى أن ما حققته من نجاحات في خطر، ويوصي بدعم لوائح فعّالة وملزمة بشأن العناية الواجبة بحقوق الإنسان على المستويين الوطني ومستوى الاتحاد الأوروبي.

كما يوصي بمواصلة مواءمة سياسة التنمية الألمانية مع حقوق الإنسان، وعدم خفض الإنفاق على التعاون الإنمائي .

أما على المستوى الدولي، دعا ديفا ألمانيا إلى الاستفادة من دورها القيادي الدولي، على سبيل المثال، في التعاون الضريبي الدولي وإصلاح الديون في بعض الدول.

تحرير: عادل الشروعات

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • ستقوم الحكومة الألمانية بمراجعة سياسات الضرائب والرعاية الاجتماعية استجابة للتوصيات الأممية

    Possible · Within months

  • سيزداد الضغط على ألمانيا لتعزيز مشاركة الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة والمهاجرين في الخدمات التعليمية

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • ما هي التدابير المحددة التي ستتخذها الحكومة الألمانية لتنفيذ توصيات الأمم المتحدة؟
  • هل ستؤدي المقترحات الضريبية إلى معارضة سياسية داخل ألمانيا؟
  • كيف ستؤثر التوصيات على سياسات التنمية الألمانية على المستوى الأوروبي والدولي؟

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