The three-nation mutual defense treaty is launched! Attack on 2 Saudi airports leaves 3 dead, Pakistan's "rescue plan" exposed
Quick Look
- After an attack by Houthi armed forces in Saudi Arabia killed 3 and injured 36, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Turkey launched the Mecca Defense Agreement signed in August this year, allowing Pakistan and Turkey to deploy military forces to Saudi Arabia for collective defense.
- However, Turkey has not yet received approval from Congress to dispatch ground troops, and Pakistan maintains military support under the bilateral defense agreement.
AI-generated summary
Why It Matters
Saudi Arabia has led a coalition to intervene in the Yemeni civil war since 2015 to fight against the Iranian-backed Houthi armed forces. Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have long maintained a bilateral defense agreement, and Turkey has tried to expand its influence in the Middle East in recent years. In August this year, the three countries signed the Mecca Defense Agreement and established a collective defense mechanism.
Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Türkiye launched a trilateral mutual defense treaty for the first time. From left to right are Pakistani Foreign Minister Dar and Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed. Salman and Turkish Foreign Minister Fedan. (AFP file photo)
Saudi Arabia confirmed on the 7th that an airport in its territory was attacked, killing three people. Faced with the ongoing offensive by the Houthi rebels in Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Turkey launched a trilateral mutual defense treaty for the first time to ensure that the military forces of Pakistan and Turkey can be deployed in Saudi Arabia.
According to comprehensive media reports, the Saudi Civil Aviation Authority issued a statement on the 7th stating that an attack on King Khalid International Airport in the capital Riyadh resulted in one death and eight injuries; Abha airport was also attacked, resulting in two deaths and 28 injuries.
Please read on...
The civil aviation agency pointed out that one of the attacks occurred on the 7th and the other on the 6th, but it did not specify which day the two attacks occurred.
The Saudi-led coalition, which is at war with the youth movement, vowed revenge, saying the attack "cannot go unpunished". The coalition issued a statement late at night on the 7th, stating that it had attacked more than 80 youth movement military strongholds in Saada, Hodeidah, Jawf, Marib and other places.
In fact, the attack on the Saudi airport on the 7th was only part of a series of attacks on aviation infrastructure that day. The Yemeni Ministry of Transport confirmed that the youth movement attacked Aden International Airport with ballistic missiles and explosive-laden drones earlier on the 7th.
At the same time, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Türkiye have launched a trilateral mutual defense treaty for the first time. The three parties signed the "Mecca defense pact" in August this year, which clearly stipulates that an attack on any one of the countries is considered an attack on all members.
Since the Turkish Parliament has not ratified the Mecca Agreement, according to the Turkish Constitution, the Ankara authorities cannot send ground troops until the Turkish Parliament approves it.
Gonul Tol, a scholar at the Middle East Institute (MEI), a Washington think tank, analyzed on the social platform: "This means that at least for now, Turkey's actual support may be biased towards providing equipment support rather than directly sending ground troops."
Pakistan has kept the specific details of the troop deployment confidential. In fact, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have already signed a bilateral defense agreement. In April this year, Pakistan sent a fighter jet formation and an anti-aircraft missile battery to Saudi Arabia.
Informed officials familiar with the situation reminded that the Mecca Agreement focuses on collective defense. The military forces of Pakistan and Turkey should be deployed to Saudi Arabia for "assisted defense" and will not participate in the Saudi-led coalition's battle against the youth movement in Yemen.
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What to Watch
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
Türkiye's parliament will ratify Mecca agreement in coming weeks, allowing ground troops to be sent to Saudi Arabia
Possible · Within weeks
The Houthis will continue to use ballistic missiles and drones to attack airports and infrastructure in Saudi Arabia
Likely · Within weeks
Saudi Arabia will step up military intelligence sharing with Pakistan and Turkey to improve defense capabilities
Very likely · Within days
Open Questions
- When will the Turkish Parliament ratify the Mecca Agreement?
- Will Pakistan increase its military support to Saudi Arabia?
- What are the specific types of weapons and launch locations used by the Houthis to attack the airport?
- After the Mecca Agreement is launched, when will Pakistan and Türkiye complete their military deployment?






