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Back3國共同防禦條約啟動!沙烏地2機場遇襲釀3死 巴土「馳援方案」曝光
3國共同防禦條約啟動!沙烏地2機場遇襲釀3死 巴土「馳援方案」曝光
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自由时报1 hour agoWorld2 min readChinaView translation

3國共同防禦條約啟動!沙烏地2機場遇襲釀3死 巴土「馳援方案」曝光

Quick Look

沙烏地阿拉伯機場遭胡塞武裝襲擊造成3死36傷後,沙烏地、巴基斯坦與土耳其啟動今年8月簽署的麥加防禦協定,允許巴基斯坦與土耳其軍力部署至沙烏地境內進行集體防禦,但土耳其尚未獲國會批准派遣地面部隊,巴基斯坦則維持雙邊防禦協議下的軍事支援。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

沙烏地阿拉伯自2015年起領導聯軍介入葉門內戰,對抗伊朗支持的胡塞武裝。巴基斯坦與沙烏地長期維持雙邊防禦協議,土耳其則近年試圖擴大在中東的影響力。今年8月,三國簽署麥加防禦協定,建立集體防禦機制。

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巴基斯坦、沙烏地阿拉伯、土耳其首度啟動三方共同防禦條約。左至右分為巴國外交部長達爾、沙烏地王儲穆罕默德.沙爾曼、土國外交部長費丹。(法新社資料照)

沙烏地阿拉伯7日證實,境內機場遭受攻擊,造成3人死亡。面對葉門青年運動(Houthi)叛軍持續攻勢,沙烏地阿拉伯、巴基斯坦與土耳其首度啟動三方共同防禦條約,確保巴基斯坦與土耳其的軍事力量能部署至沙烏地境內。

綜合媒體報導,沙烏地民航機構7日發出聲明表示,首都利雅德的哈立德國王國際機場(King Khalid International Airport)遇襲,造成1人死亡、8人受傷;艾卜哈機場(Abha airport)也遭攻擊,造成2人死亡、28人受傷。

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民航機構指出,其中1起攻擊發生在7日,另1起則發生在6日,但並未說明2起攻擊各自發生在哪一天。

正與青年運動交戰的沙烏地領導聯軍誓言報復,表示攻擊「不可能不受懲罰」。聯軍7日深夜發布聲明,稱已攻擊薩達(Saada)、荷台達(Hodeidah)、焦夫(Jawf)及馬里卜(Marib)等地、超過80處青年運動軍事據點。

實際上,沙烏地機場7日遇襲,僅是當天一連串針對航空基礎設施攻擊的一部分。葉門交通部證實,青年運動7日稍早以彈道飛彈及攜帶炸藥的無人機攻擊亞丁國際機場(Aden International Airport)。

與此同時,沙烏地阿拉伯、巴基斯坦與土耳其已首度啟動三方共同防禦條約。三方於今年8月簽署「麥加防禦協定」(Mecca defence pact),明訂對其中任何一國的攻擊視為對全體成員的攻擊。

由於土耳其國會尚未批准麥加協定,依土國憲法規定,安卡拉當局在國會過關前無法派遣地面部隊。

華府智庫「中東研究所」(MEI)學者托爾(Gonul Tol)在社群平台上分析:「這意味至少目前為止,土耳其的實質支援,可能偏向提供裝備支援,而非直接派遣地面部隊進駐。」

巴基斯坦方面則對具體出兵細節保密。事實上,巴國與沙烏地原本就簽有雙邊國防協議,今年4月巴基斯坦便曾向沙國派遣戰機編隊及防空飛彈連。

熟悉局勢的知情官員提醒,麥加協定著重在集體防禦,巴基斯坦與土耳其的軍力應就是部署到沙國境內「協防」,不會參與以沙烏地為首的聯軍在葉門對青年運動的作戰。

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What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 土耳其國會將在未來數週內批准麥加協定,允許派遣地面部隊至沙烏地

    Possible · Within weeks

  • 胡塞武裝將繼續使用彈道飛彈和無人機襲擊沙烏地境內機場和基礎設施

    Likely · Within weeks

  • 沙烏地阿拉伯將加強與巴基斯坦和土耳其的軍事情報共享,以提升防禦能力

    Very likely · Within days

Open Questions

  • 土耳其國會何時會批准麥加協定?
  • 巴基斯坦是否會增加對沙烏地的軍事支援規模?
  • 胡塞武裝襲擊機場的具體武器類型和發射地點是什麼?
  • 麥加協定啟動後,巴基斯坦和土耳其何時完成軍力部署?

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