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Back越南燃油價格近3個月漲逾2成 加劇通膨與企業成本壓力
越南燃油價格近3個月漲逾2成 加劇通膨與企業成本壓力
NEWS
中央社2 hours agoBusiness4 min readChinaView translation

越南燃油價格近3個月漲逾2成 加劇通膨與企業成本壓力

越南燃油價格近3個月累積漲幅超過2成,推高生產、運輸和商品成本,加劇通膨壓力,今年前8個月的平均消費者物價也比去年同期上漲逾4%。

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越南燃油價格近3個月累積漲幅逾2成,推高生產、運輸與商品成本,加劇通膨壓力。今年前8個月平均消費者物價較去年同期上漲逾4%,引發台商與當地企業憂慮。

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Why It Matters

越南燃油價格近3個月持續攀升,推高生產、運輸及商品成本,加劇國內通膨壓力。

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(中央社記者曾婷瑄河內3日專電)越南燃油價格近3個月累積漲幅超過2成,推高生產、運輸和商品成本,加劇通膨壓力,今年前8個月的平均消費者物價也比去年同期上漲逾4%。台商告訴中央社,光人工成本就調漲逾1成,運輸費與報價頻率也大增。

越通社1日報導,這1個多月以來,越南汽油價格已連續5次上漲,柴油價格也連3次上漲,增加了從農牧漁業、工廠到運輸業者等各行各業的成本。

越媒指出,9月底92無鉛汽油價格上漲至每公升2萬6397越南盾(約新台幣32.33元),95無鉛汽油價格上漲至每公升2萬7087越南盾,柴油價格更上漲至每公升3萬497越南盾。

根據GlobalPetrolPrices,92無鉛汽油價格在政府當時強力干預下,6月底降到了近年來波段低點,每公升約2萬126越南盾,之後一路上漲。7月底上漲至每公升2萬2388越南盾,如今又漲至2萬6397越南盾,汽油近3個月累積漲幅超過2成。10月1日最新一輪調價後,柴油價格才出現近期的首次下跌,現為每公升2萬9710越南盾。

河內中小企業協會向越通社表示,汽油價格上漲給製造業、貿易和進出口企業帶來了壓力。

協會表示,對於出口商而言,汽油價格上漲推高了運輸成本,包括貨櫃運費、國內航運費、保險費和其他相關費用。由於企業通常在貨物交付前就價格達成一致,因此合約期間成本的增加會擠壓利潤空間。

鴻泰國際物流河內分公司總經理朱桂良3日接受中央社電訪時表示,光是辦公室人員通勤的油資補貼就上調了12%到15%。除人工成本外,電費也是去年和今年各調漲1次。

他說,由於國際油費暴衝,需動用緊急燃料附加費,即運輸承運人為應對國際燃料價格突然大幅上漲而臨時增收的額外費用。

朱桂良指出,「以前和部分航空業者談運費是1季或1個月報價,但現在變成每週調整,造成我們工作上的效率低很多,要不斷快速反應、重新向客戶報帳」。

對客戶而言,「油價上漲要造成海運成本漲2成多、空運幾乎都破3成,但最後得吸收的還是終端客戶」。

因此,物價也持續上漲。國家統計局表示,8月消費者物價指數季增0.47%,主要原因是受國際油價上漲影響。

越媒寫道,今年前8個月的平均消費者物價比去年同期上漲4.45%。住房、電力、水、燃料和建築材料價格上漲6.71%,交通運輸價格上漲5.38%,食品和餐飲服務價格上漲4.76%。

越南軍隊銀行證券公司(MBS)表示,受全球油價上漲、建築成本上升和國內經濟因素的影響,越南今年最後4個月恐怕將持續面臨通膨壓力。MBS預測今年平均消費者物價通膨率為4%到4.5%,而第3季GDP成長率為8.7至9%。

MBS說,作為能源淨進口國,越南容易受到全球油價影響,推高國內燃料價格。且由於基礎設施和住宅開發的需求,建築材料價格恐也將上漲,如鋼材價格預計將比去年同期上漲7%。

施國楓長年在越南經營精品咖啡品牌KOK,他告訴中央社,運輸費用與包裝原物料去年漲幅較大,目前沒收到漲價通知,「不過不過由於最近油價波動大,若有影響預估是年底」。

政府1日宣布汽油和柴油的減稅政策再延長3個月,對此越南大學智慧綠色轉型中心宏觀經濟研究計畫主任阮秀英(Tú Anh)告訴越通社,儘管前幾個月越南政府動用穩定基金限縮燃料漲幅,但在全球油價持續上漲的情況下,這樣的介入空間將越來越小。

他表示,最近汽油價格上漲已顯著加劇了通膨壓力,若無適當政策,到年底通膨率可能會超過政府設定的4.5%目標。

鑑於政策空間有限,他建議政府避免採取大範圍汽油價格補貼措施,應採取有針對性的措施,且以用在大量物流運輸與機械生產的柴油為優先。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 越南今年最後4個月將持續面臨通膨壓力

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 政府未來是否會推出更有效的油價補貼或稅收減免政策?
  • 年底通膨率是否會突破政府設定的4.5%目標?

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This article was originally published by 中央社.

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