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Back国务院办公厅印发《关于加强中小企业回款难问题治理有关工作的通知》
国务院办公厅印发《关于加强中小企业回款难问题治理有关工作的通知》
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中国新闻网36 minutes agoPolitics7 min readChinaView translation

国务院办公厅印发《关于加强中小企业回款难问题治理有关工作的通知》

国办发〔2026〕24号文件旨在通过健全支付规则、加强监管及规范非现金支付工具,解决中小企业回款难问题。

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国务院办公厅发布通知,要求通过明确行业账期、限制大型企业付款期限至60日内、规范电子凭证使用及加大融资支持,解决中小企业回款难问题,推动大中小企业融通发展。

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Why It Matters

中小企业在产业链中常面临大型企业拖欠账款的问题,影响经济循环。国务院此前已出台《保障中小企业款项支付条例》等法规。

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中新网9月10日电 据中国政府网消息,国务院办公厅印发《关于加强中小企业回款难问题治理有关工作的通知》。具体内容如下:

国务院办公厅关于加强中小企业回款难问题治理有关工作的通知

国办发〔2026〕24号

各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府,国务院各部委、各直属机构:

为依法治理中小企业回款难问题,畅通经济循环,经国务院同意,现将有关事项通知如下:

一、健全行业账款支付规则

(一)分行业明确合理账期。各行业主管部门将及时支付账款要求嵌入行业管理并强化落实。制定完善本行业领域结算支付管理规定,明确账期起算节点、账款支付方式及流程、货物和服务检验验收(或工程竣工结算)标准及期限、最长付款期限等关键要素(以下统称付款四项关键要素)。在尊重交易习惯的同时,引导本行业领域大型企业及其全资或控股子公司(以下统称大型企业)将对中小企业最长付款期限限制在60日内。制定完善并推广使用合同示范文本,落实付款四项关键要素。分行业细化拖欠企业账款失信行为认定标准并明确惩戒措施。制定《保障中小企业款项支付条例》配套规定。对合同中未明确支付方式的,机关、事业单位、大型企业均使用现金支付中小企业账款,不得以商业汇票或应收账款电子凭证(以下简称电子凭证)等替代支付。

(二)推动龙头企业率先践行“60日付现承诺”。发布行业领域大型企业及时支付倡议,引导大型企业特别是龙头企业带头发布并践行自货物、工程、服务交付之日起60日内以现金方式向中小企业支付账款的承诺。督促大型企业严格按照企业会计准则记账,纠正不签合同、不开发票、不确认债权债务关系等行为。指导相关协会开展及时支付自律管理,制定及时支付自律规范。

二、加强大型企业支付行为监管

(三)开展约谈整治。建立健全大型企业账款监测机制,重点关注应付账款规模大且现金类资产充裕的大型企业。对故意拉长账期的大型企业,行业主管部门或监管部门、中国人民银行、市场监管总局等开展联合约谈并督促整改,相关地方人民政府配合做好督促整改工作。对约谈后拒不改正的企业,依法依规实施联合惩治;对被认定为严重失信的,在“信用中国”网站公示并依法依规实施失信惩戒。

(四)严格反不正当竞争执法。加快细化反不正当竞争法第十五条执法指引,依法处置有关投诉举报,对大型企业通过模糊账期起算节点、拖延货物和服务检验验收(或工程竣工结算)、使用商业汇票或电子凭证变相延长付款期限等滥用优势地位故意拉长账期的恶劣行为,查实后依法依规处罚,公开曝光典型案例形成震慑。

(五)完善账款信息披露要求。细化完善上市公司信息披露规则,明确要求应付账款达到一定规模的上市公司披露主要账款支付方式、平均账期、商业汇票和电子凭证开立情况等事项。要求在交易所市场和银行间市场发行公司债券或非金融企业债务融资工具的企业加强账款信息披露。引导账期较长、采用非现金支付占比较高的上市公司和发债企业逐步压减账期、提高现金支付比例并及时支付。加快完善大型企业逾期应付账款等年报信息公示规则,加大监管执法力度。

(六)发挥央企国企及时支付表率作用。中央企业率先在合同中明确付款四项关键要素,带头落实关于电子凭证业务和电子凭证服务平台管理的各项要求,对中小企业全部采用现金支付,对大型企业保持合理的现金支付比例。对违约拖欠发现一起、清偿一起,并依法依规严肃追责问责。对大型企业承揽中央企业项目后分包实施的,中央企业应当在合同中要求总承包单位向分包单位及时支付账款且保持同等现金支付比例。将及时支付账款要求嵌入中央企业合规管理体系。将中央企业及各级子公司应付账款支付情况、商业汇票和电子凭证开立情况纳入监管体系,运用司库系统实施穿透式监管。各地国资监管部门监管企业参照执行上述要求。

三、规范管理非现金支付工具

(七)规范管理电子凭证业务。压减电子凭证最长付款期限至6个月,电子凭证服务平台不得新开立付款期限超过6个月的电子凭证,商业银行、商业保理公司不得为付款期限超过6个月的电子凭证提供融资。监测过度使用商业汇票和电子凭证的大型企业,并督促压降商业汇票和电子凭证业务规模。要求大型企业不得强制或变相强制中小企业向其关联的商业保理公司进行应收账款融资。

(八)从严监管电子凭证服务平台。电子凭证服务平台要严格落实备案管理、凭证期限、费用明示等各项合规要求,并将经营数据全量接入上海票据交易所,由上海票据交易所跨机构、全口径监测大型企业商业汇票和电子凭证开立情况。大型企业商业汇票和电子凭证存在付款逾期的,由上海票据交易所和电子凭证服务平台分别进行披露。电子凭证服务平台对付款逾期的企业停止提供新开立电子凭证服务。

四、强化资金传导效能和融资支持

(九)畅通资金传导链条。政府采购项目全额采用现金支付,将及时支付情况纳入政府采购项目监管范围;加强政府投资项目资金从下达到支付全过程监管,业主单位优先采用现金支付并推动项目总承包单位及时向分包单位支付不低于同等比例的现金。已竣工但未结算支付的存量政府投资项目要尽快完成竣工财务决算并支付项目工程款,推动总承包单位尽快向分包单位支付,带动农民工工资支付。加强《行政事业性国有资产管理条例》实施监督,严格落实建设项目从竣工验收合格到竣工财务决算的期限要求。事业单位要严格落实从中小企业采购货物、工程、服务的法定付款期限要求。对全国违约拖欠中小企业款项投诉平台发现拖欠问题突出的地区和行业重点督办、限期整改,必要时分地区分行业进行通报。

(十)加大配套融资支持力度。对压减应付账款期限、压降规模成效明显的大型企业,加强融资供给,在贷款、发债等方面给予支持。引导商业银行在风险可控前提下,支持大型企业通过贷款、发债融资置换应付账款,及时向上下游中小企业支付现金。探索将中小企业专精特新发展评价结果用于融资增信,引导金融机构加力支持优质中小企业。

各地区各有关部门要加强工作配合、强化上下联动,压实责任持续推进,坚持引导纠正与执法追责并举,推动中小企业回款难问题整体好转,营造大中小企业融通发展、互利共赢的良好生态。清理拖欠企业账款专班要强化统筹协调、指导督促和跟踪评估,推动落实各项任务。重要情况及时按程序请示报告。

国务院办公厅

2026年9月3日

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 大型企业将逐步调整合同条款以符合60日付现要求

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 各行业具体账期执行细则如何落地?
  • 对违规企业的惩戒力度具体标准为何?

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