
揭秘世赛赛场上的“隐形”较量与严苛的评分体系
第48届世界技能大赛在上海举行,涵盖云计算、网络安全等数字技能项目。比赛评分分为依靠数据的“测量分”与依靠裁判主观判断的“评价分”,反映了全球产业对数字人才的需求增长及技能竞赛的严苛标准。
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第48届世界技能大赛在上海举办,展示了从传统工艺到数字技术的多种职业技能。
第48届世界技能大赛正在上海举行。世赛赛场上,有的项目科技感满满,有的项目香气扑鼻,还有一些项目是看不见的“隐形”较量。选手坐在电脑前,较量发生在逻辑、数据和系统之间,考验着一个人解决复杂问题的本领。
云计算项目是世赛唯一一个联通互联网实时比赛的项目。选手要在公有云上搭建一整套信息系统,得分实时显示在屏幕上,名次随时可能反转,被称为世赛的“心跳赛项”。
网络安全,比的是部署防火墙、检测漏洞、调查取证,还要在“夺旗行动”中攻破对方防线。
移动应用开发,要求选手在现场从无到有做出一款能用的手机App,界面设计、功能实现、程序测试,每个环节都要独立完成。
数字建造则是在虚拟空间里“搭房子”、工业4.0比的是搭一条智能生产线……还有网站技术、网络系统管理、软件应用开发等,比的都是数字技术和系统集成能力。近年来,这类数字技能项目在世赛中的比重不断增加,反映的是全球产业对数字人才需求的持续增长。
尺子测量精度 眼睛评价创意
世界技能大赛的赛场上,有的项目分数精确到零点零几毫米,有的项目却要靠裁判的审美来判断。世界技能大赛的这两种评分标准是怎样的?
世赛的评分体系分两类——测量分和评价分。凡是可以拿数据说话的,叫测量分,而评价分一般以主观判断为主。
测量分靠的是“尺子”。比如数控铣项目,选手加工出来的零件,尺寸误差不能超过0.02毫米,评委拿三坐标测量仪逐个检测;烘焙项目,一块面包的重量误差不能超过正负5克,一朵奶油花的高度必须精确到0.5厘米,一颗手工巧克力必须在8到12克之间。这些都是硬标准。
评价分靠的是“眼睛”。糖艺/西点制作、花艺、美发这些项目,好不好看、搭不搭配、有没有创意,评价分数占六到七成,由裁判们根据统一标准现场各自独立评分,剩下三成是测量分。
两种评分方式在不同赛项里的权重,差别很大。工业4.0项目的测量分占九成左右;而花艺、美发这些创意项目则评价分占比较高;还有不少项目介于两者之间,测量分和评价分各占一半。

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