
A month-long lull in fighting between Iran and the United States has ended with renewed exchanges of fire, with attacks focusing on military targets and avoiding civilians, while experts warn of the risk of miscalculation that could lead to all-out war as both sides' depleted military and economic stockpiles, rising fuel prices in the United States and pressure on Iran's battered economy.
AI-generated summary
Relations between Iran and the United States have witnessed escalating tension since the United States withdrew from the nuclear agreement in 2018, with economic sanctions imposed on Iran and mutual threats, especially regarding the Strait of Hormuz as a vital corridor for global oil transportation.
تحليل بقلم نادين إبراهيم من شبكة CNN
(CNN) - A month-long lull in fighting between Iran and the United States ended this week with renewed exchanges of fire, returning the region to a dangerous, and perhaps unsustainable, military stalemate.
The US military launched a new air strike on Iran on Tuesday, prompting Tehran to attack Jordan, Bahrain and Kuwait, ignoring a warning from US President Donald Trump that any retaliation would be met with a much stronger blow from Iran.
These skirmishes were limited, in contrast to the more violent attacks that occurred more than a month ago, which, according to experts, indicates the unwillingness of both sides to return to all-out fighting.
وقال داني سيترينوفيتش، الرئيس السابق لفرع إيران في الاستخبارات العسكرية الإسرائيلية، في منشور على منصة "إكس": "حتى الآن، ركز كلا الطرفين هجماتهما بشكل كبير على الأهداف العسكرية بدلاً من الأهداف المدنية أو الطاقة. وعلى الرغم من تهديدات كبار المسؤولين الإيرانيين، لم تستأنف طهران هجماتها ضد السعودية أو الإمارات".
However, the status quo is risky, with room for miscalculation that could push both sides back into full-blown conflict.
وقال حميد رضا عزيزي، كبير محللي الشؤون الإيرانية في مجموعة الأزمات الدولية، لبيكي أندرسون من شبكة CNN: "لا يرغب أي من الطرفين في العودة إلى حرب شاملة"، مضيفًا أن تعطيل إيران لحركة الملاحة في مضيق هرمز والضغط الاقتصادي الأمريكي عليها "يصبحان غير قابلين للاستمرار" بالنسبة لكلا الطرفين.
The American President stated that he does not want to negotiate with Iran, and said: “I do not care at all if they sign an agreement that is useless for them,” adding that he prefers America’s position “now much more.”
But beyond the rhetoric, Americans are feeling the price of war amid widespread popular dissatisfaction with a conflict that reportedly cost Washington about $40 billion as of July.
وفي إيران، كان تأثير الحرب أشدّ وطأةً بكثير، حيث تُضيّق الولايات المتحدة الخناق على اقتصادها المُنهك أصلاً في ظلّ سعيها الحثيث لبيع نفطها.
It is also likely that Iranian weapons stocks are running out, and citizens are struggling to obtain basic goods, including food and medicine.
الحرب أثارت قلق الأمريكيين
قد تعتقد إدارة ترامب أنها حققت نصراً في مضيق هرمز، ففي الثلاثاء، رافق الجيش الأمريكي 40 سفينة تجارية تحمل 18 مليون برميل من النفط عبر الممر المائي، مسجلاً بذلك رقماً قياسياً في زمن الحرب، وفقاً لمسؤولين أمريكيين مُطّلعين على العمليات.
لكن ذلك لم يُصلح الوضع العام، ورغم انخفاض أسعار النفط العالمية انخفاضًا طفيفًا الخميس، إلا أنها لا تزال مرتفعة.
ويبلغ متوسط سعر البنزين في الولايات المتحدة حاليًا 4.14 دولارًا للغالون، مقارنةً بـ 3.19 دولارًا قبل عام، وفقًا لجمعية السيارات الأمريكية.
Meanwhile, the amount of oil in the US Strategic Petroleum Reserve has fallen sharply in recent months to its lowest level since 1983, as the Trump administration continues to deploy oil in emergency situations to limit the effects of the war.
والخميس، لم يتمكن نائب الرئيس الأمريكي جي دي فانس من تحديد جدول زمني لانتهاء الحرب على إيران، ولا تاريخًا لانخفاض أسعار البنزين إلى ما دون مستويات ما قبل الحرب، مشيرًا بدلًا من ذلك إلى أن الأمر متروك لإيران لإنهاء الصراع.
وعلى الصعيد العسكري، تستنزف الولايات المتحدة مخزوناتها من الأسلحة وتنشر أصولًا عسكرية باهظة الثمن.
في الشهر الماضي، أفادت مصادر متعددة مطلعة لـ CNN أن الجيش الأمريكي استنفد ما يقرب من 80% من صواريخه الاعتراضية لنظام دفاع صاروخي رئيسي.
واستهلك الجيش الأمريكي ما يقارب أربعة أخماس مخزونه من صواريخ "ثاد" مقارنةً بما كان عليه قبل الحرب، ونحو نصف صواريخ "باتريوت" الاعتراضية منذ بداية الحرب، وفقًا لمصدرين مطلعين على تقرير المخزون.
وزعم ترامب لاحقًا أن الولايات المتحدة تمتلك "كميات هائلة" من الذخائر، لكنه أقرّ بأن بعض أنواع الذخائر تعاني من نقص حاد في الإمدادات.
وتراجعت شعبية ترامب بشكل عام في الأشهر الأخيرة، حيث انتقد الكثيرون تعامله مع الصراع الإيراني.
A poll conducted by the University of Massachusetts and published on Monday showed that more than two-thirds of Americans polled were dissatisfied with Trump's handling of the war. وانخفضت نسبة تأييده الإجمالية إلى 32%، وفقًا للاستطلاع.
وخلال عطلة نهاية الأسبوع، أفادت صحيفة واشنطن بوست أن عدداً من القادة العسكريين الأمريكيين نصحوا وزير الدفاع بيت هيغسيث بأن إطالة أمد العمليات العسكرية واسعة النطاق ضد إيران أمر غير مستدام، ويُهدد قدرة الولايات المتحدة على مواجهة التهديدات في أماكن أخرى، وذلك نقلاً عن مصادر مطلعة على تقييم حديث أُعدّ لوزير الدفاع.
ولم تتحققCNN بشكل مستقل من صحة هذا التقرير.
لماذا قد تُصعّد إيران الوضع؟
في غضون ذلك، يواجه الاقتصاد الإيراني، المُنهك أصلاً، تحديات جسيمة.
وبلغت معدلات التضخم مستويات مُقلقة، حيث باتت العديد من الأسر العاملة عاجزة عن توفير الاحتياجات الأساسية، وبحسب وسائل الإعلام الإيرانية الرسمية، فإن أسعار السلع الأساسية مرتفعة.
وبلغ معدل التضخم السنوي، خلال فترة الاثني عشر شهرًا المنتهية في يوليو، 66%، وفقًا لوكالة أنباء العمال الإيرانية (إيلنا).
Like the United States, Iran suffers from a shortage of weapons stocks.
Arash Azizi, an Iranian expert based in the United States, said that the Iranian economy has been severely damaged, but “the regime realizes that complete surrender could lead to its downfall.” So, Tehran may escalate its stance towards the United States, realizing that it cannot withstand economic pressure indefinitely, and that it needs to break the stalemate.
Hamid Reza Azizi, of the International Crisis Group, explained that Iran's behavior, as well as the speed and scope of its response to the recent US strikes, indicate that Tehran would rather respond than surrender.
This is due, according to experts, to the fact that Tehran cannot accept the status quo that Trump appears to be trying to impose in the Strait of Hormuz.
Citrinovic said: "The events of the past few days clarify the picture in the Strait of Hormuz, and show a fundamental discrepancy between the American and Iranian approaches to the current confrontation."
He stated on the “X” platform: “While Washington appears to be seeking to avoid military escalation and limit the conflict to the economic sphere, Iran is pursuing the opposite strategy.”
He added: "Iran will continue its attempts to obstruct the movement of oil tankers and challenge American efforts aimed at imposing a new reality in the strait."
Iran has repeatedly stated that it is ready to return to the negotiating table if Washington resumes its obligations under the memorandum of understanding signed in June.
Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian said, on Tuesday, on the sidelines of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit in Kyrgyzstan: “I clearly confirm that if the United States returns to its obligations under the aforementioned memorandum of understanding, the Islamic Republic of Iran will respond in kind immediately.”
But Trump claimed to be satisfied with the current situation, and Trump wrote on his platform, Truth Social, on Tuesday night, after Iran responded to the US strikes: “I am not about to force Iran to the negotiating table. I much prefer our current position, where we have almost complete control of the Strait of Hormuz, while their economy is completely collapsing.”
Citrinovic said that although both Iran and the United States “are aware of the risks of uncontrolled escalation,” they “continue to escalate the situation,” adding, “The problem is that this balance is unlikely to continue.”
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
Limited attacks between Iran and the United States will continue in the Strait of Hormuz while avoiding targeting civilians and critical infrastructure in the short term
Likely · Within weeks
Economic pressure on Iran will continue to increase as US sanctions and attempts to restrict its oil exports continue
Very likely · Within months
Iran may seek to escalate its position by more effectively targeting shipping traffic in the Strait of Hormuz to break the current stalemate
Possible · Within months

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