
俄羅斯2026年上半年投入軍隊與武器生產的聯邦預算高達10.687兆盧布,創下歷史新高,相當於平均每天燒掉590億盧布。
俄羅斯2026年上半年軍費支出達10.687兆盧布,占聯邦預算43.8%創新高,約三分之二經費列為機密,對俄國財政形成龐大壓力,預算赤字擴大。
AI-generated summary
俄羅斯自全面侵略烏克蘭以來,戰爭支出持續攀升,聯邦預算高度向軍事與武器生產傾斜。
俄國總統普廷。(法新社)
〔記者吳哲宇/台北報導〕俄羅斯全面侵略烏克蘭進入第5年,戰爭支出仍持續攀升。最新統計顯示,俄羅斯2026年上半年投入軍隊與武器生產的聯邦預算高達10.687兆盧布(約新台幣3.92兆),不僅較去年同期再增加30%,更占聯邦預算總支出的43.8%,創下歷史新高,相當於俄國「戰爭機器」平均每天燒掉590億盧布、每小時消耗25億盧布(約新台幣9.1億)。
軍聞網站報導,德國國際暨安全事務研究所研究員克魯格(Janis Kluge)根據俄羅斯財政部及《莫斯科時報》資料計算,今年前6個月俄國軍事與武器生產支出較去年同期增加2.46兆盧布(約新台幣9024.8億);若與2024年同期相比增加65%,較2023年暴增145%,與戰爭爆發第一年相比更增加285%。
若把時間拉回全面侵略烏克蘭前,俄羅斯目前軍事支出已是2021年的5倍以上。平均每月戰爭相關支出達1.78兆盧布(約新台幣6530億),而流入俄羅斯聯邦預算的資金中,更有57.3%最終投入軍隊及國防工業;戰前這項比例僅19.8%。
更值得注意的是,俄羅斯大量戰爭經費並未公開。克魯格估算,今年上半年10.687兆盧布軍事支出中,公開國防預算僅3.546兆盧布,其餘7.141兆盧布均列為機密,意味約三分之二軍事支出隱藏在機密項目。「影子」支出較去年增加42%,與戰前相比更已成長超過7倍。
從2022年全面入侵烏克蘭至今,俄羅斯投入軍隊及武器採購的累計支出已達57.144兆盧布,按照目前官方匯率約6600億美元,接近俄羅斯央行截至8月1日持有的7203億美元黃金及外匯存底,更相當於俄國黃金儲備價值的2.2倍。
俄國政府原先在2026年度預算中,規劃國防支出約占GDP的6.7%,但實際支出速度明顯超出計畫。克魯格估算,上半年軍事支出已相當於同期GDP的10.5%,約為原定水準的1.5倍。
龐大戰費也持續對俄國財政形成壓力。截至8月初,俄羅斯聯邦預算赤字已擴大至6.45兆盧布,達政府原先規劃全年赤字的2倍。
不過,俄羅斯短期內仍可能有能力維持戰爭。烏克蘭軍事情報首長Oleh Ivashchenko先前評估,即使俄國經濟自全面入侵後明顯轉弱,現有資源仍可能支撐戰事延續至2027年甚至2028年。另一方面,俄羅斯聯邦儲蓄銀行分析人員評估8種戰爭結束情境後,俄軍最終取得軍事勝利的機率預估僅7%。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
俄羅斯現有資源可能支撐戰事延續至2027年或2028年
Likely · Within months

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