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Back健康網》減重難長期維持 別氣餒!專家5建議 減重更長久
健康網》減重難長期維持 別氣餒!專家5建議 減重更長久
Health
自由时报28 minutes agoHealth8 min readChinaView translation

健康網》減重難長期維持 別氣餒!專家5建議 減重更長久

營養師薛曉晶指出,減重最難的不是瘦下來,而是缺少一套能持續執行的方法。透過設定具體目標、自我監測及減少決策負擔,有助於長期體重管理。

Quick Look

營養師薛曉晶指出減重難以持續的主因在於缺乏可執行的方法。透過分析最新研究,她建議從設定具體目標、簡化自我監測及減少決策負擔等五個方向著手,幫助民眾建立能長期維持的健康習慣。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

文章引用2026年9月刊登於《Obesity Reviews》的系統性回顧與統合分析,探討行為改變技巧對長期體重管理的效果。

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〔健康頻道/綜合報導〕營養師薛曉晶在臉書粉專「營養師媽媽曉晶的生活筆記」表示,減重最難的不是瘦下來,而是為什麼每次都撐不久?問題可能不在自律,而是缺少一套能持續執行的方法!

薛曉晶表示,多數人在減重初期,早餐改喝無糖飲品、午餐減少份量、晚上開始散步,體重也確實慢慢下降。然而,幾個月後,工作忙碌、聚餐頻繁、壓力增加,原本規劃好的飲食與運動計畫就開始鬆動。「減重的道理都懂,為什麼真正執行起來卻這麼困難?」

從肥胖醫學的角度來看,減重後身體本來就可能出現一系列生理調節,例如食慾增加、能量消耗下降,以及食物獎賞反應改變。薛曉晶認為,「瘦下來」與「長期維持」可說是兩回事,難度差異相當大。

減重總是三分鐘熱度?問題可能出在目標太模糊!

2026年9月刊登於《Obesity Reviews》的一篇系統性回顧與統合分析,整理了65項隨機對照試驗、約10,000名過重或肥胖成人,以及87種涵蓋飲食、運動或綜合型的行為介入方案。研究納入18~64歲、BMI大於25的成人,並要求至少追蹤6個月,希望找出:到底哪些「行為改變技巧」,與長期體重管理的效果更有關係?

結果顯示,接受行為介入的受試者,從研究開始追蹤到最後,整體體重表現優於對照組,平均相當於額外減少約3.25公斤!

但另一個結果更值得我們注意:當研究只觀察「介入結束後的體重維持期」,介入組與對照組的體重變化並沒有顯著差異。這容易被誤解為「減重課程結束後就沒用了」。其實並非如此,應當是:介入期間建立的體重差距,在後續追蹤中大致得以維持,但研究沒有證明介入組在之後會持續比對照組減去更多體重。

一句「我要少吃一點」,為什麼總是說得到、做不到?

薛曉晶提到研究分析各種行為改變技巧後,發現「設定具體目標」是相對穩定、表現較好的策略之一。薛曉晶建議:

平日含糖飲料控制在每週1次。

午、晚餐至少各吃半碗蔬菜。

每餐至少吃到一掌心大小的蛋白質食物。

晚餐後固定走路15分鐘。

這些目標具體、容易記錄,也比較容易知道自己是否完成。從「想減重」變成「今天知道該做什麼」,才是行為改變的重要起點。

每天量體重卻越量越焦慮?記錄的重點其實不是數字!

薛曉晶提醒,「自我監測與回饋」也很重要。薛曉晶表示,許多研究使用體重計、計步器、智慧手錶或飲食紀錄,協助參與者掌握自己的生活行為。

記錄不應該只是每天盯著體重數字,更重要的是找出生活中的規律:「下午四點特別容易餓,是不是午餐蛋白質攝取不足?」、「週末體重容易上升,是聚餐增加,還是活動量明顯減少?」、「最近一直想吃甜食,是不是剛好也睡得比較少?」透過這些紀錄,可以逐漸找到真正需要調整的環節。

薛曉晶建議,從簡單的方式開始:

每週固定2~3天測量體重,搭配一天飲食照片與步數紀錄。

不需要一開始就記錄所有熱量與營養素。

資料不用很多,重點是能夠回頭看、找出原因,並修正下一步。

薛曉晶談到,研究也發現,「教導如何執行」與「直接示範行為」,可能與較好的長期體重結果有關。薛曉晶認為,體重管理除了傳遞營養知識,更需要協助大家把原則轉換成生活中真正做得到的選擇。

例如,很多人便當幾乎都是白飯,先確認有沒有一掌心蛋白質食物及至少半碗蔬菜。如果配菜不足,可以額外加一份燙青菜或滷蛋,讓餐點更完整,而不是等到下午餓了再靠餅乾充飢。早餐可以搭配一顆蛋、無糖豆漿或原味優格,增加蛋白質攝取,也有助於延長飽足感。若是下午經常想吃零食,可以提前準備茶葉蛋、無糖優格,或新鮮水果搭配少量堅果,減少飢餓時隨手購買高熱量點心的機會。

每天光想晚餐吃什麼就很累?減重也需要替大腦省點力!

研究中另一個值得注意的技巧稱為「conserving mental resources」,也就是減少執行健康行為時需要耗費的認知資源與決策負擔。

每天到了晚上七點才開始思考晚餐要吃什麼,這時候往往更容易直接叫外送、隨手買,或選擇平常最習慣的食物。可以提前縮小選項,讓健康飲食更容易執行:

早餐固定輪替2~3套搭配組合。

公司附近先找出3家方便搭配健康餐點的便當店。

冰箱常備雞蛋、豆腐、無糖豆漿。

冷凍庫準備方便加熱的蔬菜。

每週先固定兩個運動時段,不必每天重新決定要不要運動。

薛曉晶建議,當健康選擇變得方便,才比較有機會在忙碌的生活中持續下去。

減重計畫排得滿滿,為什麼反而更容易放棄?

研究還有一個值得注意的結果:加入越多行為改變技巧,並不代表減重效果一定越好。一次要求自己記錄熱量、計算蛋白質、每天走一萬步、重訓、早睡、戒甜食、天天量體重,可能讓整個計畫變得難以執行。甚至大家熟悉的「養成習慣」,在這次分析中也沒有呈現較好的結果。

薛曉晶表示,不代表養成習慣沒有幫助。研究提到,這可能與介入方式、時間長度,以及不同技巧之間如何搭配有關,目前還不能直接判定哪些組合最有效。另外,研究中的獎勵機制雖然出現正向趨勢,但部分分析沒有達到統計顯著,因此比較適合作為輔助策略,而不是保證減重成功的方法。

減重後的體重維持同樣需要長期關注,尤其食慾調節、情緒壓力與生活環境,都可能影響原有習慣能否持續。

薛曉晶建議,想讓減重走得更久,可以先練習這5件事。

1. 一次只設定1~2個行為目標:例如先做到「每天午餐有蔬菜+晚餐後走15分鐘」,持續兩週後,再依照自己的執行情況增加其他目標。

2. 固定留下少量紀錄:每週2~3次體重紀錄,搭配1天飲食照片即可。重點是找出自身規律,而不是整天被數字影響心情。

3. 每週做一次回顧:檢視哪個時段最容易餓、哪一餐最難控制,再針對那個環節進行調整,不需要每次遇到困難就從頭開始。

4. 把健康餐變成固定選項:提前準備2~3套早餐、便當與點心組合,減少臨時做決定的次數,也能降低外食時選擇失控的機會。

5. 關注行為改變,而不只看公斤數:一週內有沒有多吃幾次蔬菜?蛋白質攝取是否足夠?步數有沒有增加?

這些行為才是體重下降後,仍然需要持續培養的重要能力。減重不需要每天都做到滿分,重要的是找到適合自己、能夠持續的方法。

Open Questions

  • 哪些特定行為改變技巧組合在長期效果最好?

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