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Back運動後常見5種傷害及正確處理方式:腳踝扭傷、背痛、肌拉傷等別只靠休息
運動後常見5種傷害及正確處理方式:腳踝扭傷、背痛、肌拉傷等別只靠休息
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自由时报5 hours agoHealth2 min readChinaView translation

運動後常見5種傷害及正確處理方式:腳踝扭傷、背痛、肌拉傷等別只靠休息

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運動後腳踝扭傷、腰痠背痛等常見傷害不應僅靠休息幾天就好,潤生復健科診所院長王竣平指出暖身不足、運動強度驟增及姿勢不當是主因,並分享5種傷害的因應之道,如PEACE原則、伸展活動、冰敷壓迫及肌力強化等,以減少受傷風險並促進修復。

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Why It Matters

運動後常見腳踝扭傷、腰痠背痛等傷害,許多人誤以為休息幾天即可恢復,但潤生復健科診所院長王竣平指出暖身不足、運動強度驟增及姿勢不當是主要原因,需正確處理以避免長期損傷。

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〔健康頻道/綜合報導〕運動後腳踝扭傷、腰痠背痛,別以為休息幾天就沒事!潤生復健科診所院長王竣平指出,暖身不足、突然增加運動強度及姿勢不當,都可能造成運動傷害,常見包括腳踝扭傷、下背拉傷、大腿肌拉傷、膝關節損傷及肩部傷害。運動前做好暖身、循序增加強度,並針對不同部位強化肌力,才能降低受傷風險。

王竣平在臉書發文分享,多數民眾曾經歷運動後受傷的經驗,有時打球扭到腳,有時是重訓完腰酸背痛,多數人第一反應通常是,休息幾天就會好。事實上,我們的關節和肌肉就像是身體的避震器與傳動零件,零件一經由暖身不足、運動衝刺太猛、或是姿勢不當的影響,輕則痠痛發炎,長期損傷下來,更可能造成關節永久性的磨損退化。

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王竣平歸納5種常見的運動傷害,並分析因應之道,提供民眾在事發當下參考:

1.腳踝扭傷

舉凡打籃球、踢足球或慢跑,只要跳躍落地不穩或一個不小心踩空,就容易導致腳踝韌帶拉傷或撕裂。

因應之道:剛發生扭傷時,立即依照PEACE原則,即為保護、抬高、冰敷、加壓、衛教,來自我照護。

2.下背拉傷

這在重訓做深蹲、硬舉,或是平常沒動、週末突然爆練的假日運動員身上最常見。因為姿勢不良或過度使用肌肉,進而引發下背痛。

因應之道:運動前一定要先做伸展活動增加腰椎活動度,運動期間更要漸進式調整重量,讓背部肌肉有能力穩定支撐。

3.大腿肌拉傷

當肌肉過度拉伸,或是突然缺乏準備就進行劇烈運動,很容易導致大腿肌肉纖維撕裂,嚴重的可能需要半年以上才能修復。

因應之道:拉傷後的首要解方就是充分休息,並配合適度冰敷與壓迫處理,給予肌肉修復的時間。

4.膝關節損傷

膝蓋是運動中最常使用、也最容易受傷的關節。最常因為暖身不足、姿勢不當或是落地時的外力衝擊而受傷。

因應之道:除了注重暖身,平時一定要強化大腿周圍的肌力,像是股四頭肌,肌肉強壯後,就是保護膝關節最天然的護膝。

5.肩部傷害

在需要大量過頭、投擲性動作的運動中,像是羽球、棒球、網球,肩關節的旋轉肌群很容易因為反覆過度拉扯而受傷。

因應之道:運動前要做足肩關節與肩胛骨的動態暖身,平時要針對肩胛穩定肌群進行訓練,才能在維持核心穩定的同時保護肩膀。

Open Questions

  • 具體每種傷害的恢復平均時間是多少?
  • 不同年齡層對運動傷害的恢復能力有何差異?
  • 是否有特定伸展動作推薦給不同運動類型?

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