
建議擴大單一窗口授權,降低民宿與診所等小規模業者的行政成本
經濟部智慧財產局審定旅館、飯店、民宿、醫院與診所播放音樂的授權費率,以房間數計算,每個房間每年25元,涵蓋部分公共空間。作者建議擴大單一窗口授權制度,降低小規模業者確認歌曲歸屬集管團體的行政成本,提升合法授權覆蓋率。
AI-generated summary
我國目前共有五家著作權集體管理團體,其中三家管理音樂著作,兩家管理錄音等相關權利。不同團體所管理的歌曲、權利種類及費率並不完全相同。智慧局近日公布兩件音樂著作使用報酬率審議結果,涉及旅館、飯店、民宿、風景渡假村客房,以及醫院、診所等醫療機構病房播放音樂的授權費。
經濟部智慧財產局公布兩件音樂著作使用報酬率審議結果,涉及旅館、飯店、民宿、風景渡假村客房,以及醫院、診所等醫療機構病房播放音樂的授權費。就台灣音樂著作權集體管理協會及亞太音樂集體管理協會相關費率,智慧局均審定以房間數計算,每個房間每年二十五元,範圍並涵蓋部分大廳、走廊、電梯等待區等公共空間;餐廳、商店、健身房或現場演唱等其他利用型態則另行處理。
經濟部智慧財產局近日公布2件音樂著作使用報酬率審議結果,凡旅館、飯店、民宿,及醫院、診所等地播放音樂,以房間數計算,每個房間每年25元。(資料照)
我國目前共有五家著作權集體管理團體,其中三家管理音樂著作,兩家管理錄音等相關權利。不同團體所管理的歌曲、權利種類及費率並不完全相同。智慧局也曾指出,利用人若希望廣泛使用音樂,可能需要分別向不同集管團體洽談,交易與確認成本因而增加。對大型電視台、百貨公司而言,可以配置法務或授權人員處理;對只有十幾間客房的民宿、地方診所或小型旅館,光是確認播放的歌曲屬於哪一家團體管理,就可能超過業者能合理負擔的行政能力。這類制度若要長期運作,授權流程是否容易理解,和費率本身是否合理同樣重要。
因此,下一階段可以優先擴大單一窗口的適用範圍。目前電腦伴唱機的公開演出已有三家音樂集管團體共同費率,由單一窗口處理授權,利用人不必逐一與每一家團體協商。智慧局近期研究也指出,真正完整的共同收費制度,應讓利用人透過一個窗口確認所需權利、計算費用並完成授權。飯店、醫院、零售店與餐飲業的背景音樂具有高度標準化特性,很適合作為下一波試辦項目。政府可以先整合音樂著作的授權資訊,再逐步處理錄音著作等其他權利,讓業者輸入營業類型、房間數或營業面積後,就能知道可能涉及哪些授權、總費用多少,以及繳費後涵蓋哪些歌曲與利用方式。
台灣文化產業近年積極發展影視、音樂與數位內容,完善的著作權授權市場會是重要基礎。著作權保護若要真正支持創作者,除了規定權利範圍,也需要一套讓使用者願意取得授權的交易機制。費率審議把飯店與病房每房年費明確化,已經降低部分不確定性;接下來可以把政策往授權整合再推一步。當一間民宿、一家診所或一家餐廳想合法播放音樂時,只要進入同一個平台,就能看懂要付多少、涵蓋哪些權利,也能一次完成授權。對業者而言可以減少行政成本,對創作者而言則能增加合法授權的覆蓋率。音樂市場要形成穩定收益,簡單、透明而容易使用的授權制度,會比讓每一位利用人自己研究複雜權利關係更有效率。
費率審議把飯店與病房每房年費明確化,已經降低部分不確定性;示意圖。(資料照,民眾提供)
(作者為資訊業)
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
政府將先整合音樂著作授權資訊,再逐步處理錄音著作等其他權利,建立單一窗口授權平台。
Likely · Within months

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