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Back算电协同:推动智能经济绿色发展的关键支撑
算电协同:推动智能经济绿色发展的关键支撑
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中国新闻网3 hours agoTech3 min readChinaView translation

算电协同:推动智能经济绿色发展的关键支撑

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文章指出,算电协同通过深度融合算力基础设施与电力系统,实现以电强算、以算促电的良性循环,是推动智能经济绿色发展的重要着力点。2026年政府工作报告和‘十五五’规划纲要均提出算电协同的顶层设计要求。文章从优化用能结构、提高配置效率、放大赋能效应三方面阐述了算电协同的作用,并提出了强化统筹规划、深化协同运行、强化技术支撑、完善体制机制等具体措施,以实现算力扩张与能源结构绿色化协同演进。

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Why It Matters

当前新一轮科技革命和产业变革加速演进,人工智能成为推动经济结构变革和生产力跃升的重要力量,同时也是推动绿色发展的重要技术力量。算电协同作为智能经济发展的关键支撑,正成为培育绿色生产力、塑造智能经济竞争新优势的重要着力点。

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当前,新一轮科技革命和产业变革加速演进,人工智能成为推动经济结构变革和生产力跃升的重要力量,同时也是推动绿色发展的重要技术力量。依托数据分析、智能感知、预测优化和动态决策,人工智能可以提高工业生产、能源调度、交通运输、建筑运行等领域的资源配置效率,降低单位产出能耗强度,加快推进能源体系绿色低碳转型。然而,智能技术的绿色赋能必须以持续稳定的算力供给为前提,算力的形成和运行又离不开电力支撑。

随着大模型训练、智能体应用和数据中心建设持续推进,推动算力系统与能源电力深度融合,促进智能经济发展与能源绿色转型相互支撑,正成为培育绿色生产力、塑造智能经济竞争新优势的重要着力点。2026年《政府工作报告》提出,“实施超大规模智算集群、算电协同等新基建工程”。“十五五”规划纲要也明确提出,“推动绿色电力与算力协同布局”。算电协同从技术试点上升为顶层设计,成为打造智能经济新形态的关键支撑。

所谓算电协同,是指通过数字化技术、智能算法、信息网络,将算力基础设施与电力系统进行深度融合,推动资源动态匹配与优化配置的新基建工程,实现以电强算、以算促电的良性循环。作为构建智能经济新形态的关键支撑,算电协同强调算力与电力的双向赋能,通过提高绿色能源使用比例、优化算力负荷配置和提升算力供给效率,推动算力扩张与能源结构绿色化、资源配置高效化相协调,为智能经济发展夯实绿色、高效、可持续的能源基础。

优化用能结构,夯实智能经济发展的绿色能源基础。提高绿色能源在算力用能中的比重,是推动智能经济绿色发展的基础要求。算电协同通过统筹算力与绿色能源布局,增强能源供给与算力需求的空间适配,推动算力扩张与能源结构绿色化协同演进。一方面,引导模型训练、离线计算等时延要求较低的任务向新能源富集地区合理布局,实现“算随电走”,提升新能源就地消纳水平;另一方面,依托跨区域输电、绿电交易等机制,将清洁电力输送至算力需求集中地区,实现“电随算走”,提高东部智算中心等数据中心的绿色电力使用比例。

提高配置效率,降低智能经济发展的能源成本与碳强度。在既定能源投入下形成更多有效算力供给,是推动智能经济绿色发展的重要体现。算电协同能够根据不同算力任务的实时性、连续性和可调节性实施分类调度,增强算力负荷与绿电供给的时序适配:绿电供应充裕时增加可调节计算任务,新能源出力下降或电网负荷较高时适度压减或迁移弹性负荷,并通过跨区域算力调度实现计算任务与能源供给的动态匹配。由此,既能提高新能源消纳能力,也能引导算力企业主动响应分时分区的能源价格与供给条件,降低单位算力能耗和单位产出碳排放,提高算力设施利用效率和能源要素配置效率,进而提升智能经济的能源生产率。

放大赋能效应,以高质量绿色算力供给支撑经济社会绿色转型。推动人工智能以更低成本进入更广泛的实体经济场景,是智能经济绿色发展的重要方向。算电协同通过提高绿电使用比例、降低能源成本和增强供给稳定性,提高绿色算力的可获得性和经济性,降低人工智能技术进入制造、能源、交通、建筑等领域的应用门槛。随着高质量绿色算力加快向实体经济渗透,人工智能得以更广泛地应用于生产流程优化、新能源预测、智能调度、交通管理、建筑节能和储能控制等场景,推动智能技术的绿色效应由算力基础设施向产业链和生产过程延伸。由此,绿色能源为智能经济发展夯实底座,智能技术又反过来提升能源和资源利用效率,形成以电强算、以算促电的良性循环。

算电协同在优化用能结构、提高配置效率和放大赋能效应方面的作用,只有嵌入相应的规划、运行、技术和制度体系,才能转化为现实生产力。为此,要积极构建与智能经济新形态相适应的算电协同体系。

强化统筹规划,优化算力与绿色能源空间布局。推动“十五五”时期算力、电力与新能源发展规划有效衔接,统筹算力设施、输电通道和绿色能源基地建设,并发展新能源就近供电、聚合交易和就地消纳等模式。根据不同算力任务的时延要求和用电特征,优化智算中心空间布局,推动“东数西算”枢纽节点与“沙戈荒”大型风光基地协同建设,引导时延不敏感的计算任务向西部绿电富集地区合理集聚;东部则加强算力设施与海上风电、分布式光伏等本地绿色能源协同,形成“算随电走”与“电随算走”相结合的空间配置格局。

深化协同运行,释放算力负荷柔性调节潜力。加强全国一体化算力网络与电力调度体系衔接,推动算力任务、电力供给和网络资源协同优化。根据新能源出力和电网负荷变化,对可时移、可迁移、可中断的计算任务实施柔性调度;支持数据中心配置储能、微电网和智能能源管理系统,并通过虚拟电厂等方式参与需求响应,推动算力由刚性用电负荷逐步转变为电力系统的柔性调节资源。

强化技术支撑,提升算电协同运行效率。围绕算力负荷与新能源功率联合预测、智能调度、柔性调控、先进储能等关键技术开展协同攻关,完善数据接口、技术标准和测试评估体系。建立覆盖绿电消纳、碳排放强度、算力能效和负荷可调节性等指标的监测评价机制,加强跨区域、跨平台算力与电力资源的协同感知与动态分析,为优化调度和科学决策提供支撑,提升算电协同运行的精细化、智能化水平。

完善体制机制,增强算电协同内生动力。健全绿证绿电交易机制,完善分时电价、需求响应补偿以及跨区域电力交易与算力调度的衔接机制,推动大型风光基地与大型算力中心开展绿电直连和点对点交易试点,引导绿电供给状况和价格信号向算力配置环节有效传导。加强绿电溯源、绿证应用与碳排放核算的衔接,探索跨区域利益共享机制,将绿电消纳比例、碳排放强度和负荷可调节性纳入算力基础设施发展评价,推动算电协同由政策驱动转向市场驱动。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • ‘十五五’时期将推动算力设施与新能源基地协同布局,引导时延不敏感的计算任务向西部绿电富集地区集聚。

    Likely · Within years

  • 算电协同将由政策驱动转向市场驱动,绿电消纳比例、碳排放强度和负荷可调节性将被纳入算力基础设施发展评价。

    Possible · Within years

Open Questions

  • 算电协同体系的具体实施时间表是什么?
  • 跨区域算力调度与绿电交易机制如何确保公平与效率?
  • 地方政府在算电协同中的激励与约束机制如何设计?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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