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Back壞膽固醇降不下來有新線索!研究揭肝臟清除機制受阻
壞膽固醇降不下來有新線索!研究揭肝臟清除機制受阻
Health
自由时报10 hours agoHealth2 min readChinaView translation

壞膽固醇降不下來有新線索!研究揭肝臟清除機制受阻

美國團隊於小鼠實驗中發現,阻斷CTSA酵素能防止肝臟清除機制受阻,進而降低血中的壞膽固醇。

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美國加州大學聖地牙哥分校醫學院研究發現,高膽固醇飲食會活化路徑分解肝細胞表面的壞膽固醇受體。小鼠實驗顯示阻斷關鍵酵素CTSA能降血脂,為新藥開發提供方向。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

高膽固醇飲食會啟動生物路徑,使肝細胞表面負責清除壞膽固醇的受體更容易被分解。

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高膽固醇飲食可能不只增加膽固醇攝取,還會削弱肝臟清除血中壞膽固醇的能力。美國研究發現,飲食中的膽固醇會啟動一條生物路徑,使肝細胞表面負責清除壞膽固醇的受體更容易被分解。小鼠實驗中,研究人員阻斷這條路徑的關鍵酵素後,血中壞膽固醇隨之下降,為開發新型降血脂藥物提供方向。

科學新聞網站《SciTechDaily》報導,這項研究由美國加州大學聖地牙哥分校醫學院團隊進行,論文6月24日刊登於《自然》(Nature)。肝臟會利用細胞表面的低密度脂蛋白受體,捕捉血中的低密度脂蛋白,也就是俗稱的壞膽固醇,再將其帶入細胞處理。他汀類藥物及PCSK9抑制劑等現有降血脂藥物,也會透過維持或增加這類受體的作用,協助降低血中膽固醇。

研究團隊發現,高膽固醇飲食會活化體內特定的蛋白質,導致肝細胞表面負責清運壞膽固醇的受體,被「拉」進細胞內部,並交由一種名為組織蛋白酶A(CTSA)的酵素分解。當清運工具被破壞,膽固醇就降不下來。但在小鼠實驗中,研究人員只要使用抑制劑阻斷CTSA的作用,就能成功保住這些受體,讓血液中的壞膽固醇隨之下降。

研究還分析人類遺傳資料,發現相關路徑的基因變異與膽固醇差異有關,但這不代表已證實阻斷該路徑就能降低人體膽固醇。

研究團隊也指出,一款原先為心臟衰竭研發的候選藥物,曾進入第1期人體臨床試驗,接受初步安全性評估,後來因策略考量停止開發。研究人員希望評估這款藥物能否轉用於高膽固醇治療,但其降膽固醇效果仍須經人體臨床試驗確認。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 評估候選藥物能否轉用於高膽固醇治療並進行人體臨床試驗確認

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 阻斷該路徑是否能有效降低人體膽固醇?
  • 原先的候選藥物是否能順利轉用於高膽固醇治療?

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