
实现量子精密测量由电子跃迁迈向原子核跃迁,研究成果刊发于《自然》
清华大学联合国内多团队研制出全球首个“核光钟”,利用钍-229原子核跃迁实现超高精度计时。该技术较传统原子光钟更稳定且易于小型化,未来有望应用于深空探测与高精度导航领域,研究成果已发表于《自然》杂志。
AI-generated summary
核光钟是继原子微波钟和原子光钟之后的新一代时间频率标准。该技术利用钍-229原子核跃迁作为计时基准。
日前,清华大学联合国内多个研究团队,在国际上率先研制出“核光钟”,实现了量子精密测量由电子跃迁迈向原子核跃迁,为新一代高性能时间频率基准、深空探测和基础物理研究等开辟新的技术路径。国际期刊《自然》今天刊发该项研究成果。
“核光钟”被视为继原子微波钟和原子光钟之后的新一代时间频率标准,是当前量子精密测量领域前沿攻关方向。清华大学科研团队历时近五年,原创性发展了148纳米连续波真空紫外激光技术,并利用这一光源精确驱动放射性同位素钍-229的原子核跃迁,将激光频率稳定在这一核跃迁上,从而研制出了“核光钟”。
清华大学物理系副教授、北京量子信息科学研究院兼聘研究员丁世谦表示,老式的钟摆,每秒钟差不多摆动一次,可以通过数钟摆摆动了多少次,来知道时间过了多少。这次的“核光钟”,就是用原子核的节拍作“钟摆”,这个节拍要比挂钟的节拍快得多,每秒钟差不多是2000万亿次,把时间切割得非常细,通过数有多少次节拍,就可以知道精确的时间。
据了解,目前最精确的原子光钟,原理是记录原子内部电子跃迁的节拍,但要把原子光钟做到极高精度,需要精细控制电场、磁场、温度以及激光系统等带来的各种扰动,因此目前性能最高的原子光钟仍主要运行在实验室中,其小型化和工程化仍面临挑战。“核光钟”则把计时基准从电子跃迁转移到了钍-229原子核内部的核跃迁。
丁世谦介绍,原子核的大小大约只有核外电子云尺寸的几万分之一,这就导致原子核的节拍更加稳定,从而研制出来的“核光钟”就有望更加精准。还有一方面,它有望去把这种“核光钟”小型化,小型化了之后,把一个极高精度的计时装置真正用了起来,而不只是实验室里的一个工具。
据介绍,“核光钟”未来有望应用于导航和深空探测等领域,对卫星、航天器进行更加精准的定位和距离测量,服务国家重大需求。

This year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to French chemist Kagan and Japanese chemist Kenzo Kip for their contributions to the field of organic asymmetric synthesis. Kegan discovered the "nonlinear effect" and Kip Hexian San developed the "autocatalytic reaction". Taiwanese scholars pointed out that this research not only has industrial and pharmaceutical value, but also helps explain the origin of life, because amino acids, the main components of proteins, only exist in a single chiral L form. Early cases of fetal malformation caused by differences in drug chirality have also been cited to illustrate the importance of chirality.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced that French scientist Kegan and Japanese scientist Kip Hexian will jointly win the 2026 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their discovery of nonlinear effects and autocatalytic reactions in organic asymmetric synthesis. The two solved a century-old problem in the chemical world-how homochiral properties arise spontaneously, which is of decisive significance to modern pharmaceuticals. Kagan is an honorary professor at the University of Paris-Saclay, and Kip is an honorary professor at the Tokyo University of Science. The two will share the prize of 12 million Swedish kronor equally.

The 2026 Nobel Prize in Chemistry will be awarded to Henry B. Kagan and Xian Xiansan for their discovery of nonlinear effects and autocatalysis phenomena in asymmetric organic synthesis. This study reveals how small chirality differences are amplified through feedback mechanisms, providing an important perspective for understanding homochirality issues in drug synthesis and the origin of life.

The 2026 Nobel Prize in Chemistry will be awarded to French scientist Henri B. Kagan and Japanese scientist Kenzo Kappa in recognition of their outstanding contributions in deciphering the spontaneous production mechanism of "homochirality". This discovery is of decisive significance for the design of drug manufacturing reactions.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced that the 2026 Nobel Prize in Chemistry will be awarded to the French scientist Henri B. Kagan and the Japanese scientist Kio Komori for their discovery of nonlinear effects and autocatalytic phenomena in asymmetric organic synthesis, and for solving the mystery of the origin of chemical asymmetry in organisms.

The 2026 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was jointly won by French chemist Kagan and Japanese chemist Kenzo Kipatsu for their discovery of nonlinear effects and autocatalytic phenomena in asymmetric organic synthesis. The two winners will share a prize of 12 million Swedish kronor equally, and the award ceremony is scheduled to be held on December 10.