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Back65歲阿伯遇股災慌了!400萬退休金「清倉止損」 結局超慘好後悔
65歲阿伯遇股災慌了!400萬退休金「清倉止損」 結局超慘好後悔
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自由时报19 minutes agoBusiness4 min readChinaView translation

65歲阿伯遇股災慌了!400萬退休金「清倉止損」 結局超慘好後悔

专家提醒:AI可辅助整理信息,但不应将最终投资决策权交给AI

Quick Look

日本一名65岁退休男子将投资决策交给AI,在全球股市重挫时恐慌全数卖出,认赔约300万日元,并错失后续反弹,资产差距高达540万日元。专家指出AI并非完全客观的投资顾问,不应直接将AI回答当作投资决策依据。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

日本新版NISA投资热潮影响,加上物价上涨,促使缺乏投资经验的退休人士进入股市。野口先生在大型制造业公司工作超过40年,退休后领到约2000万日元退休金,因担心错过股市涨势而向AI寻求投资建议。

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不少人近年開始將AI當成投資理財的諮詢對象,但如果把投資決策全交給AI,恐怕付出慘痛代價。股市示意圖。(路透資料照)

〔財經頻道/綜合報導〕不少人近年開始將AI當成投資理財的諮詢對象,但如果把投資決策全交給AI,恐怕付出慘痛代價。日本1名65歲男子退休後領到2000萬日圓(約新台幣413萬元)退休金,原本想透過投資讓資產增值,卻因擔心錯過股市漲勢,不斷向AI尋求建議,甚至將投資決策交給AI。沒想到遇上全球股市重挫,男子恐慌之下全數賣出,認賠約300萬日圓(約新台幣62萬元),更錯失後續反彈行情,資產差距高達540萬日圓(約新台幣111萬元)。

根據日媒報導,65歲的野口先生(化名)在大型製造業公司工作超過40年,退休後領到約2000萬日圓退休金。受到物價上漲及新版NISA投資熱潮影響,加上身邊同事陸續開立證券帳戶,讓他擔心「不投資就吃虧」,於是也跟著開設網路證券帳戶。

由於缺乏投資經驗,野口先生不知道該如何挑選商品,雖然妻子也極力勸阻他不要投入投資,但他最後仍選擇網路券商排行榜名列前茅的全球股票指數型基金,每月定期定額投入10萬日圓。

沒想到市場持續上漲,基金淨值不斷創高,他開始擔心自己投入速度太慢,害怕錯失獲利機會,於是一次投入新版NISA成長投資額度上限240萬日圓,加上原本定期定額的資金,總計投入260萬日圓。

隨著市場持續走高,野口先生愈來愈焦慮,甚至開始考慮動用一般課稅帳戶,將總投資金額提高至1500萬日圓。由於身邊沒有適合的投資諮詢對象,他轉而向手機AI詢問,卻在不知不覺中,逐漸將投資判斷交給AI。

專家指出,野口先生當時的心理,其實就是行為經濟學中的FOMO(錯失恐懼症),也就是害怕錯過市場上漲機會、被其他投資人拋在後頭。當投資人愈來愈在意別人賺了多少,就容易在缺乏充分評估的情況下追高投入。

沒想到,全球股市隨後突然重挫,基金淨值在約2個月內,從2萬7000日圓後段跌至2萬2000日圓左右,跌幅約2成。期間野口先生仍持續每月投入10萬日圓,累計投資金額達1520萬日圓,但帳面資產卻縮水至約1220萬日圓,出現約300萬日圓的未實現虧損。

面對資產快速縮水,野口先生感到難以承受的恐懼,因此他深夜再次向AI求助,詢問自己是否應該趕快賣出。AI回覆,如果已經焦慮到無法入睡,選擇退場也不失為合理做法。

野口先生隔天便將所有基金全數賣出,將約300萬日圓的帳面虧損正式轉為實際損失,連每月定期定額投資也一併取消。

然而,市場卻在他賣出後不久觸底反彈,短短半年便創下歷史新高,漲勢甚至延續至隔年,約1年後,基金淨值回升至3萬2000日圓左右。專家估算,假設當初持續持有,資產價值可達約1770萬日圓,與賣出後拿回的1220萬日圓相比,差距約540萬日圓。

除了錯失反彈行情,野口先生也面臨NISA免稅額度重新使用的問題。依照日本制度,NISA帳戶賣出投資商品後,對應的非課稅保有限額並非立即恢復,而是隔年才能重新使用,且仍受到每年360萬日圓投資上限限制。

「我不該相信人工智慧說的話…」。分析指出,AI在老年人群體中越來越普及,但根據其使用方式的不同,它既可以是毒藥,也可以是良藥,AI並非完全客觀的投資顧問,使用者的提問方式可能影響AI回答的方向。

舉例來說,若詢問「這項投資是正確的嗎?」與「這項投資有哪些風險?」,AI強調的重點可能截然不同。若使用者本身已經有預設立場,AI甚至可能順著使用者的想法給出肯定答案。

這種現象稱為「諂媚效應」,指AI在對話過程中迎合使用者的意見或情緒,傾向提供對方想聽的答案。此外,AI也可能出現「幻覺」,將錯誤或不存在的資訊當成事實,因此不應直接把AI回答當成投資決策依據。

分析指出,AI適合用來整理資訊、理解投資制度,或提供不同思考角度,但不應將最終決策權交給AI。尤其退休金是退休後的重要生活保障,投資前應先評估自身資產狀況、風險承受能力及長期生活需求,必要時也可向理財規劃師(FP)或獨立財務顧問(IFA)等專業人士諮詢,避免因一時恐慌而做出難以挽回的決定。

一手掌握經濟脈動 點我訂閱自由財經Youtube頻道

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 监管机构可能会对AI在金融投资建议中的使用提出更明确的指引或限制

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 野口先生使用的具体AI平台名称是什么?
  • AI给出的具体建议内容是否有记录?
  • 该案例是否代表更广泛的老年群体投资行为趋势?

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