Back特朗普与高市早苗联合国会晤 聚焦对中安全与科技合作
特朗普与高市早苗联合国会晤 聚焦对中安全与科技合作
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德国之声1 hour agoPolitics4 min readChinaView translation

特朗普与高市早苗联合国会晤 聚焦对中安全与科技合作

美国总统特朗普与日本首相高市早苗在联合国大会场边会谈,双方讨论对中经济与安全议题,并强调强化日美同盟。随后高市发表联大演说呼吁废除“敌国条款”。

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美国总统特朗普与日本首相高市早苗在纽约联合国大会场边举行闭门会谈,讨论对中经济与安全及科技合作。高市随后在联大演说中呼吁删除《联合国宪章》敌国条款,美日韩三国外长也发表联合声明重申台海和平的重要性。

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Why It Matters

高市早苗于今年3月曾访问华府。美日韩三国外长近期在纽约会晤并发表联合声明。

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美国总统特朗普与高市早苗週二(9月22日)在联合国大会场边举行约30分钟的闭门会谈。会谈前,两人在镜头前互相稱贊。特朗普称高市是“我的朋友”,并表示她“将被列为伟大的首相之一”。

高市早苗则以日语感谢特朗普对日美同盟的承诺。她说:“在安全环境日益严峻的背景下,包括近年来亚洲安全环境的变化,我希望把握这次机会,向世界展现我们同盟关系的韧性。”

日本内阁官房副长官尾崎正直表示,高市早苗与特朗普就对中经济与安全等议题展开讨论。他拒绝透露两名领导人是否谈及台湾,但表示双方同意将推进“强化日美同盟吓阻及应对能力”,包含谈及日本扩充军力的计划。

在经济方面,尾崎正直指出,日美领袖确认将加强经济合作,“力求在人工智能、半导体及关键矿产等领域的科技竞争中取得优势。”

高市早苗週三(23日)表示,她已与特朗普就对中议题进行了及时的意见交流。

此为高市早苗今年3月到访华府后,时隔半年与特朗普会晤。随著中国国家主席习近平将于23日至25日赴华府进行国事访问,东京正寻求确保特朗普听取日方意见,并观察此次特习会可能如何影响日本与美国及中国的关系。

高市联大演说 呼吁废“敌国条款”

与特朗普会面后,高市早苗22日于联合国大会发表就任首相后的首次演说,呼吁依照联合国大会决议,删除《联合国宪章》中的“敌国条款”。

高市早苗在演说中指出,联合国安理会当前架构反映1945年的国际情势,因此“亟需改革”以回应国际社会实际现况。她并以俄罗斯对外发动军事行动为例,质疑安理会“并未发挥维护国际和平的作用”。

所谓“敌国条款”,主要指《联合国宪章》第53条、第77条与第107条等涉及对二战战败国的规定。相关条文允许区域组织或国家在“敌国”发起侵略时,可未经联合国安理会授权、直接采取军事行动回应。

作为二战战败国,德国与日本长期主张删除敌国条款。联合国大会2005年通过决议,表达删除《联合国宪章》中“敌国”相关措辞的决心,但因程序复杂,直至今年尚未完成修订。

中国政府则主张,“敌国条款”至今仍有效。外交部发言人毛宁9月8日表示,“敌国条款”是为保障战后国际秩序的特殊制度安排;日本当年在承认国主义罪行及接受《联合国宪章》内容下加入联合国,如今称该条款“过时”,意图“否认其侵略历史”、“挑战战后国际秩序”。

美日韩联合声明提及台海

此前,美国国务卿卢比奥週一(21日)在纽约会见韩国外长赵显及日本外务大臣茂木敏充。

会后,三国发表联合声明,美国重申对日本及韩国的防卫承诺,并坚定反对中国的“经济胁迫及非市场政策与做法”。

根据声明,美国国务卿与日、韩外长强调维持台海和平与稳定的重要性。他们鼓励和平解决台海问题,并表示“支持台湾有意义地参与适当的国际组织”。

路透社引述分析人士指出,美国盟友担心,特朗普週四在白宫接待习近平时,可能为了与北京达成经济成果,在台湾及贸易议题上作出让步。

针对该声明,台湾外交部表示,三国再次公开共同支持维持台海和平与稳定,显示台海安全已成为国际社会的“强烈共识”。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 习近平赴华府进行国事访问

    Very likely · Within days

Open Questions

  • 特习会是否会在台湾与贸易议题上作出让步?
  • 敌国条款未来是否能在联合国完成修订程序?

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This article was originally published by 德国之声.

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