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Back新一代通信网建设提速 赋能智能时代多场景应用
新一代通信网建设提速 赋能智能时代多场景应用
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中国新闻网5 hours agoTech6 min readChinaView translation

新一代通信网建设提速 赋能智能时代多场景应用

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中国正加快推进新一代通信网建设,5G基站超515万、5G用户超13亿,5G-A和6G技术试验稳步推进。新一代通信网实现人机物全连接、空天地海一体化覆盖及通感算智安融合,正赋能智能制造、低空经济、海洋通信等场景,支撑产业升级与数字消费升级。

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Why It Matters

中国通信网络基础设施已建成全球规模最大、技术领先的网络,实现县县通千兆、乡乡通5G、村村通宽带。为推进智能时代发展,正加快新一代通信网建设,提升网络覆盖、能力和功能。

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“‘六张网’建设刷新‘进度条’”系列报道之四

新一代通信网,带来哪些智能时代新体验?

景区中灵活聪明、能为游客做导游的人形机器人;工厂里稳定响应、可远程操控的无人运输车;公路上提供多样化智能服务的智能网联汽车……融入生活方方面面的智能设备得以实现大规模应用,背后都离不开通信网络的支持。

当前,中国正加快推动新一代通信网建设,推动相关基础设施升级与前沿技术创新,持续完善空天地海一体化信息通信布局。

1 通信基建蹄疾步稳

信息通信业是国民经济和社会发展的基础性行业。经过多年建设,中国已建成全球规模最大、技术领先的通信网络设施,实现“县县通千兆、乡乡通5G、村村通宽带”。

工业和信息化部数据显示,截至7月底,全国5G基站总数达515.4万个,比上年末净增31.6万个;5G移动电话用户达13.03亿户;全国互联网宽带接入端口数量达12.7亿个,具备千兆网络服务能力的10G PON端口数达3304万个。

与此同时,对新一代通信网的建设布局正逐步展开。5G-A商用网络建设积极推进,万兆光网在小区、工厂、园区等场景实现试点部署。第一阶段6G技术试验目标已完成,正推进第二阶段试验。

工业和信息化部日前发布的《信息通信行业发展“十五五”规划》提出,到2030年,全面建成覆盖完善、性能领先的新一代通信网,加快形成技术先进、安全可控的信息通信产业体系,信息通信行业现代化迈出坚实步伐。

新一代通信网新在哪?

“新一代通信网不仅仅是传统意义上的网络升级,更是面向智能时代数字信息基础设施的一次关键革新。”在7月举行的国务院新闻办新闻发布会上,工业和信息化部新闻发言人谢存介绍,新一代通信网有诸多创新点。连接对象上,从传统个人用户拓展到人、机、物、具身智能等多元主体;覆盖范围上,突破传统地面限制,向空天地海一体化全域覆盖拓展;连接能力上,实现确定性、稳定性等大幅提升,更好满足行业应用差异化需求;网络功能上,由单纯的信息传输,向通信、感知、计算、智能、安全等多能力深度融合演进。

新一代通信网涵盖哪些新技术?

中国信息通信研究院技术与标准研究所副所长赵文玉指出,采用新技术建设新网络、对现有网络升级都可纳入新一代通信网范畴。“它不仅包含由5G-A/6G网络、光网络和数据通信网络等构成的基础网络,以卫星互联网为主体的空间网络,涵盖工业互联网、低空智联网等的融合网络,还包括服务应急通信保障的应急通信网络等。”

这些新技术正带来更优质的体验。

例如5G-A,即是5G的增强版。作为5G向6G演进的重要阶段,5G-A在容量、速率、时延、定位和可靠性等方面进一步提升。对普通用户而言,看直播、视频等能收获更流畅、沉浸式的体验;对无人机和机器人而言,多路高清视频能够稳定上传,控制指令可以及时返回。更前沿的6G技术,正从技术储备迈向方案验证。今年5月,工业和信息化部批复部分地区6GHz频段6G试验频率使用许可,为原型样机进入真实环境测试提供了条件。

2 网络连起空天地海

过去,高山峡谷、远海孤岛、无人荒漠往往是通信信号的“盲区”。新一代通信网则向空天地海一体化全域覆盖拓展,积累了众多关键技术储备,为应急防灾、低空经济、海洋开发等应用场景提供了新的发展路径。

在四川成都,气象部门自主研发的无人区雨量监测站,通过整合天通卫星与远距离无线电组网技术,在防汛期可以延长山洪泥石流预警提前量。

在浙江杭州的梦想小镇,首个5G-A+多模态600米低空智联网络示范区已投入运行。浙江移动打造的低空智联网络与“中移凌云”平台,融合了5G-A通感一体、5G+北斗高精度定位、数字孪生、人工智能研判等技术,能对执行城市治理、应急救援、物流配送等任务的低空飞行器实现精准化管理。

往返于辽宁大连、山东烟台海面的“吉龙岛”号船舶上,旅客连上船载网络,在150公里、约6小时的航程中始终可以进行视频通话。这得益于辽鲁航线海域的5G网络。经过持续升级,网络覆盖海域已超过2万平方公里,每年服务500余万人次。除了服务旅客,顺畅的网络还可以帮助船员实时获取港口、航道和货物信息;遇到险情,现场画面能够回传搜救指挥中心,并联动无人机、无人艇等力量,让海上实现了“看得见、听得到、传得回”。

在上海市松江区,6G未来产业培育区规划约1平方公里的建设范围,计划到2030年培育一批龙头企业,力争产业规模突破1000亿元。集聚企业已逐步串联起天上卫星、地上基站与手中终端,空天地一体化已初具形态。2025年,园区入选工业和信息化部国家高新区“6G与卫星空天地一体化芯片”新赛道。

空天地海一体化,并不是把几张网简单相加,而是让它们在统一架构下协同调度。《信息通信行业发展“十五五”规划》提出的26项重点任务中,就包括“构建天地一体的空间网络”,提出多项举措,比如“增强低轨卫星互联网、高轨卫星通信系统、卫星物联网等组网服务能力”;“推动卫星网络与地面通信网络深度融合,统筹建设星地互联中心,开展手机直连卫星、卫星物联网等应用”;“充分利用5G/5G-A等地面通信设施,按需推进低空通信网络覆盖”;“积极探索5G地空通信(5G-ATG)部署,适时扩大航线技术试验规模,促进机载通信发展”;“推动‘5G+北斗’融合发展”等。

3 万物智联激活动能

建设新一代通信网可以驱动传统产业升级,为智能制造、人工智能、数字消费等产业发展提供支撑。

位于内蒙古呼伦贝尔的华能伊敏煤电公司伊敏露天矿,百台载重90吨的无人电动矿卡协同作业。这是全球首个在5G-A网络下实现“车—云—网”规模化协同的露天矿。

这些矿卡配有激光雷达、毫米波雷达和摄像头,可以在40米能见度的雪地、沙尘、夜间等低照度环境下稳定感知,自动绕行障碍物。100台车的远程控制和高清视频回传,对网络上行容量要求极高,通过部署5G-A网络,单个基站可覆盖500至600米,满足每秒500兆比特的稳定上传和20毫秒的低延时。

在重庆长安汽车数智工厂,几千台智能化设备、机器人、智能AGV等有条不紊地运行。工厂规模化完整使用5G端到端特性连接生产设备、人员、物料、工艺数据,实现1.2万多台设备组网,每秒采集100万个点位的数据。5G、工业互联网和人工智能协同,生产、质检、物流等环节串联在同一数据链上。

据谢存介绍,当前信息通信技术正深度赋能实体经济。截至今年上半年,全国已建成5G行业虚拟专网超8万个,5G、千兆光网应用已融入94个国民经济大类,全国“5G+工业互联网”在建项目超2.6万个,建成1260家分类分级、特色鲜明的5G工厂。

面向大众消费方面,新一代通信网也将催生更多数字体经。基于5G的智能终端类型不断丰富,人工智能手机和电脑、智能机器人、AI眼镜、AI玩具等产品成为信息消费新热点。未来,6G智能手机等新一代智能产品令人期待。

作为“六张网”的信息基座,新一代通信网还在为其他基础设施智能化升级赋能。

谢存表示,下一步将推动新一代通信网深度赋能水网、新型电网、城市地下管网、物流网,依托网络能力实现各类基础设施的状态感知、远程调度、智能运维。例如,借助通信网络,水网可以实现水文数据实时回传;新型电网依托高速网络完成海量电力设备的协同调度;城市地下管网依靠网络监测隐患;物流网依靠网络实现货物全链路追踪调度等。

来源:人民日报海外版 记者:李贞

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 到2030年,新一代通信网将全面建成,覆盖完善且性能领先

    Very likely · Within years

  • 5G-A商用网络建设将继续推进,万兆光网试点场景将扩大

    Likely · Within months

  • 6G技术将进入第二阶段试验,原型样机有望进入真实环境测试

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 新一代通信网全面建成后,对普通消费者的资费影响如何?
  • 6G技术商用化的具体时间表是什么?
  • 空天地海一体化网络在跨国合作中的协调机制如何?

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