The hidden influence of familiar foods on brain function has been revealed

Ultra-processed foods can change the brain's response to food, even if they contain the same amount of calories and essential nutrients as regular food. This was shown in a study involving 57 healthy adults. The results were published in the journal Nature Metabolism.

Ultra-processed foods include foods that have undergone several stages of industrial processing and usually contain various additives. These may include ready-made breakfasts, snacks, sweets, some types of sausages, semi-finished products and ready meals.

Participants were given two meal options—regular and ultra-processed foods. They were specially selected so that the amount of calories, proteins, fats and carbohydrates was almost the same.

However, the body's reaction varied. Ultra-processed food caused a stronger release of insulin, and the body was less able to use the incoming carbohydrates as an energy source.

Differences were also found in brain function. After a normal meal, activity in the striatum and visual cortex increased along with how attractive the person found the food. After ultra-processed food, this relationship was reversed. In other words, industrial processing of food changed the way the brain responded to its subjective value.

Additionally, changes in carbohydrate processing were associated with activity in the striatum, an area of ​​the brain involved in eating behavior and feelings of reward.