
針對外國勢力透過遊說、資訊操作影響日本政策與選舉,政府計畫最快於2027年提出相關法案。
日本政府為防範外國勢力干預,於專家會議提出「間諜防制法」具體方案,計畫引進「外國代理人登記制度」,要求遊說人士公開身分,並對惡意干預選舉與政策制定行為設立罰則,目標於2027年提交國會審議。
AI-generated summary
日本現行法律主要針對竊取機密等傳統間諜活動,缺乏針對政治遊說與資訊操作等「影響力作戰」的完整法制。
日本高市早苗政府為防範外國勢力的不當干涉,積極研擬「間諜防制相關法制」,今天在首相官邸舉行的專家會議中首次提出具體方案,其中之一就是引進「外國代理人登記制度」,將要求為外國政府利益從事遊說等活動的人士,必須登記為「外國代理人」,並對惡意干預日本選舉、輿論及政策制定的行為設立罰則。日本政府希望最快於明年一般國會提出相關法案。
隨著中國等外國勢力利用社群媒體散播假訊息、介入民主國家選舉的情況日益受到關注,日本已開始進行法制的建構以進行因應。高市政府去年10月與日本維新會組成聯合政府,將制定間諜防制法列入執政協議,這次首度提出具體制度設計。日本政府將依專家會議的討論結果,由警察廳主導法制化工作,目標在2027年通常國會提出法案。
傳統間諜活動主要涉及竊取國家機密、蒐集敏感情報或從事破壞行動,日本現行的「特定秘密保護法」、「不正競爭防止法」及「刑法」等已有相關規範,但對於外國勢力隱瞞身分,透過政治遊說、資訊操作等方式影響日本輿論與政策決策的「影響力作戰」,目前仍缺乏完整法制。
政府列舉3種可能涉及惡意干預的行為,包括隱瞞與外國政府的關係,接觸政治人物或公務員以介入政策制定、透過資訊發布影響輿論及選舉,以及提供金錢或其他利益,促使政府改變政策。
新制度將要求為外國政府利益從事遊說的政治顧問、智庫研究人員及廣告公司相關人士等,登記其外國代理人身分,使活動透明化,並研議對脅迫等惡意干預行為設立刑事罰則。
日本官房長官木原稔今天在記者會表示,面對地緣政治競爭、針對政府與民間重要資訊的網路攻擊,以及企圖操縱輿論的假訊息擴散,強化情報功能具有重要意義。他強調,防止外國勢力不當干預「意義極為重大」,但情報功能的強化,必須建立在國民的理解與信任之上。
事實上,今年2月日本眾議院選舉期間,也曾出現疑似中國勢力透過社群平台操作輿論的情況,日本經濟新聞分析社群平台X的資料發現,約400個中國帳號相互配合,擴散貶低高市政府形象的貼文,凸顯外國勢力利用網路影響日本政治的風險。
在國際制度方面,美國早在1938年制定「外國代理人登記法」(FARA),英國於2025年7月實施相關制度,法國也於同年10月引進類似規範。日本政府將參考歐美制度,研議登記對象、活動申報義務及違法處罰範圍。
不過,相關法制也引發限制言論自由及學術交流的疑慮,自民黨今年8月提出的建議,也要求政府明確界定外國勢力及不當干預行為,避免正當外交、經濟、學術、採訪及新聞報導活動受到壓抑。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
日本政府將於2027年通常國會提出間諜防制法案。
Likely · Within years

On the occasion of the Fifth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee, students from many key Chinese universities issued a joint appeal at on-campus forums, calling for the abolition of the indefinite extension of the presidential term and the implementation of democratic constitutional amendments and space for citizen expression. The relevant posts were immediately deleted and attracted attention on overseas social platforms.

After Wu Zijia, chairman of Formosa Electronic News, was searched by Hsinchu police, he criticized the move as "green terror" at a fan meeting in Zhubei, questioned the prosecution's infringement of press freedom, and said he would complain to international organizations. Xu Xinying, candidate for Hsinchu County Mayor of the Kuomintang, came to support the event.

On the day of the Fifth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee, an appeal signed by students from more than ten universities including Peking University was circulated online, calling for the abolition of the indefinite extension of the presidential term, the restoration of constitutional term limits, and the initiation of democratic constitutional amendments. The post was immediately deleted, and relevant screenshots circulated online.

The registration and qualification review for the 2027 National Examination has ended. A total of 3.45 million people have passed the review, with a competition ratio of approximately 97:1. The recruitment focus will be tilted towards grassroots and fresh graduates, and real-name authentication will be introduced to combat fraud in "public examination recruitment". The written test is scheduled to be held on November 29, and the admission time limit has been shortened to 15 minutes after the test starts.

Democratic Progressive Party candidates Shen Boyang and Tong Ziwei held the "Ocean Current Children's Walk" campaign at Keelung Ocean Plaza on the 26th. Crowds of people came to the scene, and some people even brought Harris eagles to the scene to support them, triggering heated discussions and attention on the Internet.

On October 22, a meeting to commemorate the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army’s Long March was held in Beijing. General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech, emphasizing the carrying forward of the great Long March spirit, putting forward the "five musts" requirements, and calling for efforts to create new brilliance on the new Long March road.