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Back中国预防出生缺陷日:专家呼吁从孕前到产后全周期健康管理
中国预防出生缺陷日:专家呼吁从孕前到产后全周期健康管理
Health
中国新闻网19 minutes agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

中国预防出生缺陷日:专家呼吁从孕前到产后全周期健康管理

Quick Look

在第12个中国预防出生缺陷日,同济大学附属东方医院产科主任刘铭教授强调,出生缺陷防控应从备孕阶段开始,贯穿孕期并延伸至产后,形成全周期健康管理体系。他指出,优生优育正向生命早期健康管理延伸,男女双方应共同参与备孕,产后需关注身心恢复及长期健康风险,专业知识需转化为公众可行的健康行动。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

中国预防出生缺陷日设立旨在提高公众对出生缺陷防控的认识,推动优生优育工作。随着健康生育理念升级,重点从安全分娩扩展至生命早期及产后健康管理。

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中新网上海9月12日电 (李秋莹)9月12日是中国预防出生缺陷日,从预防出生缺陷到促进生命早期发育,新时代优生优育正在迈向更全面、更长远的健康目标。“在产科临床一线,我们守护的不只是‘让孩子平安出生’,更是让每个孩子健康出生、让每位妈妈长久健康。出生缺陷防控不是孕期开始的事,而应从备孕阶段提前布局,贯穿孕期并延伸至产后,成为全周期健康管理的重要一环。”同济大学附属东方医院产科主任刘铭教授在接受采访时表示。

同济大学附属东方医院产科主任刘铭教授。受访者供图

随着健康生育理念不断升级,优生优育逐渐向生命早期健康管理延伸,覆盖孕前准备、孕期管理以及子代长期健康,形成贯穿生命起点的全周期健康管理体系。

刘铭主任表示:“在长期的早产防控与高危妊娠管理临床实践中,我们观察到胎儿期及生命早期的营养状况和环境暴露,可能对个体未来的代谢、心血管、神经发育等多方面健康产生长期影响。”因此,围产医学关注的不只是“让孩子安全出生”,更重要的是从生命早期着手,为母婴未来健康奠定基础。

围孕期营养正是实现优生优育目标最基础、最普适、最可操作的干预抓手之一。刘铭主任指出:“出生缺陷防控需要从备孕阶段提前布局,科学的营养管理应贯穿孕前、孕期全过程。合理膳食是基础,针对营养缺口进行科学补充,才能形成更完整的营养管理方案。根据《孕前和孕期主要微量营养素补充专家共识(2024)》,对于无高危因素女性,可在孕前至少3个月开始补充叶酸0.4-0.8mg或含叶酸的复合维生素,并持续服用至整个妊娠期。”

健康理念的升级,也在同步推动备孕模式的深层转变。备孕不再是女性单方面的“任务”,而是夫妻双方共同参与的家庭健康管理过程。“备孕从来都不是一个人的事。”刘铭主任强调,“男性年龄、生活方式、营养状况、烟酒暴露以及慢病管理水平,同样会影响受孕概率和胚胎发育质量。理想情况下,男女双方可在计划怀孕前3至6个月开始进行相关检查,并共同调整生活方式。从‘女性备孕’走向‘家庭备孕’,正是优生优育理念升级的重要体现。”

分娩结束的那一刻,并不意味着母婴健康管理的终点。相较于传统认知中“坐完月子就恢复”的观念,产后阶段实际上是女性身体修复、心理调适、母乳喂养建立以及健康习惯重塑的重要窗口,也是围产医学从关注“安全分娩”迈向“全周期健康管理”的关键延伸。

产后健康管理并非只是关注伤口恢复或单一身体指标变化,而是涵盖乳腺健康、内分泌代谢、营养状态、心理健康、生活方式以及生殖健康等多个维度。刘铭主任表示,针对产后不同阶段的健康需求,应建立更加科学、连续的管理模式:产后早期重点关注母乳喂养建立、身体恢复及情绪变化;传统认知往往只重视产后42天复查,却容易忽视产后3个月至1年的重塑期,而这恰恰是女性身心健康恢复的黄金窗口;随着时间推移,还应持续关注女性长期健康风险,通过生活方式调整和健康管理帮助女性实现更好的恢复。

从孕前准备到产后管理,全周期健康理念的推广,关键在于让专业知识真正转化为公众听得懂、用得上、坚持做的健康行动。(完)

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 未来将有更多公共卫生项目推广孕前叶酸及复合维生素补充

    Likely · Within months

  • 产后健康管理将逐步从42天复查延伸至1年甚至更长期的随访

    Possible · Within years

Open Questions

  • 具体有多少孕妇和备孕夫妇目前遵循孕前叶酸补充建议?
  • 产后健康管理的连续性模式在基层医院推广面临哪些障碍?
  • 男性备孕参与度的提升需要哪些政策或社会支持?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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