
美國有線電視新聞網報導,川普政府內部已討論與中國相互參訪核設施的構想,並計畫在未來數月的實體會晤中推動此一可能性。但專家警告,中國始終將核武談判視為在台灣議題上換取政治讓步的工具,而非基於純粹的軍備管制目標。報導指出,美方對中國快速擴張的核武計畫日益感到憂慮,目前中國約有600枚核彈頭,但正迅速擴建核武基礎設施,預計未來10年將再產出數百枚核彈頭。
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在美國和俄羅斯最後一項軍控協議於去年到期後,美方對中國快速擴張的核武計畫日益感到憂慮。美國總統川普在第一任期時便推動建立美、俄、中三方軍控協議,但未獲實質進展。
針對中國持續擴張核武力量,美國有線電視新聞網(CNN)6日引述知情人士報導,川普政府內部已討論與中國相互參訪核設施的構想,並計畫在未來數月的實體會晤中,持續推動此一可能性。但專家警告,中國始終將核武談判視為在台灣議題上換取政治讓步的工具,而非基於純粹的軍備管制目標。
報導指出,在美國和俄羅斯最後一項軍控協議於去年到期後,美方對中國快速擴張的核武計畫日益感到憂慮。美國總統川普在第一任期時便推動建立美、俄、中三方軍控協議,但未獲實質進展。知情人士表示,相互參訪的構想最初是由中國官員今年與美方官員會面時提出,雙方討論參訪美國能源部國家實驗室及中國對應機構的可能性;美方也對討論相互參訪核試驗場持開放態度。
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今年以來,美中官員在工作層級的核武相關討論,多數是在聯合國安理會五大常任理事國會議場邊進行,目前仍屬非正式且處於初步階段。允許參訪核設施的構想,可望推進美國在戰略穩定議題上與中國接觸的努力,並可能成為三方協議的基礎。
美國官員透露,川普上月會見中國國家主席習近平時,曾重申支持美、俄、中三邊軍控談判,但兩人在對話中並未提及參訪核設施的可能性。
然而,中國仍堅稱,不會參與任何可能限制其核軍備擴張的討論。目前美國擁有約5000枚核彈頭,中國約有600枚,但正迅速擴建其核武基礎設施,預計未來10年將再產出數百枚核彈頭。
專家與前美國官員對此構想表示肯定,但對其能否迅速取得突破性進展,則持保留態度。部分前官員指出,北京拋出這項提議,可能只是為了營造良好氣氛,或展現願就核武議題對話的姿態,甚至帶有「不良動機」。
曾主管軍控事務的前國務院代理助理國務卿狄恩(Paul Dean)向CNN表示,相互參訪將是一項「極有價值的建立信任措施」,可為兩國降低核風險提供資訊與外交基礎,但美國政府必須「睜大雙眼」,審慎面對任何與中國的核談判。
美國智庫「外交關係協會」(CFR)專研中國軍事的前國務院情報分析師布朗(Gerald Brown)指出,相互參訪機制若能落實,確實可能有效降低美中核風險,但他對此不表樂觀。布朗警告,中國持續擴張核武軍備與其政治目標深度掛鉤,尤其是其對台灣的侵略野心;從歷史脈絡來看,中國長久以來一直將核武談判視為在台灣議題上換取政治讓步的工具。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
美中將在未來數月的實體會晤中繼續討論相互參訪核設施的可能性
Likely · Within months
中國將維持其核武擴張步伐,除非在台灣議題上獲得實質讓步
Likely · Within months

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