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Back以高水平开放拓展中瑞合作新空间
以高水平开放拓展中瑞合作新空间
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中国新闻网2 hours agoBusiness5 min readChinaView translation

以高水平开放拓展中瑞合作新空间

中瑞经贸合作迈入关税与规则并重的新阶段

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10月30日,中国与瑞士在北京签署自贸协定升级议定书。双方在货物贸易、数字贸易及可持续发展等领域达成一致,标志着两国经贸合作从关税减让为主转向关税与规则并重,为企业提供更广阔市场机遇。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

中瑞自贸协定于十余年前签署。双方自2024年9月启动升级谈判,历经近2年共5轮磋商。

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中新网北京10月31日电 10月30日,我国与瑞士在北京签署中国—瑞士自由贸易协定升级议定书,标志着中瑞经贸合作从以关税减让为主,迈入关税与规则并重的新阶段。从2024年9月双方宣布启动升级谈判以来,历经近2年共5轮谈判,双方就货物贸易、原产地规则和实施程序、海关程序与贸易便利化、技术性贸易壁垒、服务贸易、投资、数字贸易、竞争、贸易与可持续发展、经济技术合作等领域深入开展磋商并达成一致,进一步完善了等8个协定原有章节,并在原有协定基础上新增了数字贸易、贸易与可持续发展等2个章节。在当前充满不确定性的国际环境中,中瑞双方继续支持自由贸易、开放合作和基于规则的多边贸易体制的鲜明立场,为各国提供了良好的经贸开放样板。

中瑞双边自贸协定的升级,推动了两国为彼此释放出更多的市场机会。目前,中瑞的医药健康、高端制造已有合作基础,绿色技术、数字服务的合作可在此次自贸协定升级之后获得深化。对我国而言,机会主要体现在改善进口供给、支持制造业升级、扩大出口和开展研发合作方面:可以进一步降低部分瑞士医药、精密仪器和专用设备的进口关税,有助于国内企业和医疗机构改善采购条件,也为技术改造提供更多选择。我国的油子仁、植物油、宠物食品等重点产品将获得新的关税减让,生产性服务业开放水平提高,将为我国企业拓展瑞士市场创造条件。在此基础上,具备能力的企业还可与瑞士科研机构和专业企业开展联合研发,围绕生命科学、精密制造和绿色技术推进合作。对瑞士而言,机会主要集中在生物医药、精密制造、钟表和专业服务领域。随着降税安排逐步落实,瑞士药品、机械设备和钟表等产品进入我国市场的关税成本将进一步降低,有助于企业扩大销售。我国制造业的技术改造需求,也为瑞士企业将设备供应与调试维护、技术支持相结合提供了空间。金融、技术检测等领域开放承诺的提高,则有利于瑞士企业扩大在华服务业务,并结合我国的产业配套和应用需求开展本地研发与产品改进。

也要看到,协定带来的机会转化为实际收益,还需将落实工作做细做实。部分产品降税需经过渡期逐步实施,享受优惠还须满足原产地规则要求,这对单证管理能力较弱的中小企业是一道门槛;瑞士市场规模有限、对质量和技术标准要求较高,我国企业进入瑞士市场仍需在标准认证、品牌建设和售后服务上下功夫,瑞士企业在华拓展也将面临更充分的市场竞争。因此,协定签署后,双方应加快完成国内批准程序,同步明确降税安排、准入条件和办理程序,使企业能够据此安排采购、投资和业务拓展,具体三步走:

第一步是让协定尽快落地。双方要加快完成国内批准程序,推动议定书早日生效;生效后,要依托联合委员会等机制跟踪实施,让电子原产地证书、海关数据交换等便利措施尽快运转起来,及时回应企业关切。

第二步是让企业会用、敢用。有关部门和地方要把原产地新规、降税时间表、投资准入承诺讲透,重点帮助机械、电气设备等利用率偏低的行业和中小企业用足优惠。

第三步是让合作走深走实。可依托中瑞经济论坛及现有对话机制,组织医药健康、精密制造、数字经济等领域的企业对接,明确技术需求、合作伙伴和项目实施条件。

从十余年前签署自贸协定,到此次完成协定升级,中瑞双方持续扩大相互开放,也不断以制度安排巩固合作基础。这一实践表明,尊重彼此关切、坚持平等协商,能够使不同发展阶段的国家找到共同利益,为企业长期合作提供稳定预期。协定已经签署,双方应将共识落实到政策和行动中,推动各项开放承诺落地,在巩固既有经贸联系的基础上拓展新的合作空间,使协定升级的成果切实惠及两国企业和人民。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 双方将加快国内批准程序以推动议定书生效。

    Very likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 具体降税清单的详细时间表
  • 国内批准程序的具体完成时间

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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