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Back朝“问”健康丨秋燥来袭 如何给身体正确补水?
朝“问”健康丨秋燥来袭 如何给身体正确补水?
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中国新闻网1 hour agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

朝“问”健康丨秋燥来袭 如何给身体正确补水?

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文章介绍秋燥的成因与症状,强调科学补水的重要性,区分温燥与凉燥的不同调理方法,并指出常见误区及何时应及时就医。

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Why It Matters

秋季空气湿度下降、风力增大,导致人体出现口干、皮肤干燥等不适,称为秋燥。它不是疾病,而是季节变化引起的生理反应。

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入秋之后,空气湿度下降、风力变大,不少人会感觉身体处处发干,这样的表现,就是大家常说的“秋燥”。很多人以为“秋燥”是一种病,其实并不是。它只是季节变化带来的身体不适。想要缓解秋燥,每天的补水工作不能马虎。

天气干燥之下,很多人会有这样的体会:刚喝过水,很快又口干,嘴唇起皮、口角干裂,甚至出现口腔溃疡,这些都是秋燥非常典型的信号。从现代医学角度看,秋季湿度下降,会造成呼吸道黏膜水分流失、皮肤屏障功能减弱、消化液分泌随之改变,身体由此产生一系列季节性反应,比如咽干、皮肤干这类感受。

如果饮水没能及时补足,身体就会进入隐性缺水状态。血容量下降,红细胞、血小板、脂质这些血液成分相对浓缩,血液黏稠度就会升高。血流速度放缓,血小板更容易聚集,会加大血栓发生的相关风险。

清华大学玉泉医院副院长 冯兴中:补水要做到少量多次、匀速供给。等到口渴了再喝水,身体其实已经处于缺水状态。建议每小时饮用一百到一百五十毫升水,全天总量保持在一千五百到两千毫升。心力衰竭患者的饮水量,一定要严格遵守医嘱,短时间大量饮水,会加重心脏的容量负荷。温开水是补水的最佳选择,不要用含糖饮料、浓茶或者咖啡来替代饮水。

在中医看来,秋燥分为温燥和凉燥两种类型。二者的调理思路完全不一样,如果调理方向搞错,反而会加重身体不适。

温燥,大多出现在初秋。夏末的余热还没有消散,燥邪裹挟着热邪。主要表现为口干舌燥,总想喝凉水;干咳少痰,咽喉肿痛;大便偏干,皮肤也会有发热感。观察舌象,舌质偏红,舌苔薄黄。

凉燥,则多见于深秋。气温明显下降,燥邪又夹杂了寒邪。会感觉口干,但并不想喝凉水,更偏爱温热的饮品;伴随干咳、鼻塞、畏寒怕冷;皮肤干燥、手脚发凉,舌苔薄白。

清华大学玉泉医院副院长 冯兴中:

调理温燥,可以把雪梨去核,放上少许冰糖煮熟,能够清热润肺,每天半个就足够。银耳百合莲子羹要尽量少放糖,晚餐之后少量食用。也可以用白萝卜、冬瓜清淡煮汤,帮助清解体内余热。

调理凉燥,可以取少量杏仁搭配粳米煮粥,温润止咳,适合早晨食用。蜂蜜用温水冲饮,可以润燥散寒,注意冲泡水温不要超过60℃。山药可以蒸食或者煮粥,健脾温润,不会给肠胃带来过重负担。

这里提醒大家,舌象只是居家简易参考,如果自己分辨不清燥的类型,不要盲目食疗。

入秋之后,不少人出现干咳的情况,大家第一反应就是要润燥。不过润燥也讲究方法,有几个常见误区需要我们留意。

误区一:口干干咳就喝凉茶、吃寒性食物。

如果是凉燥引发的不适,再喝凉茶会损伤脾胃阳气,人会越发怕冷、腹泻,症状也会随之加重。

误区二:一咳嗽就吃止咳药。

秋燥带来的干咳,大多是黏膜干燥刺激造成的,并没有痰液。盲目服用镇咳药物,反而会让咽喉更加干燥,优先做好润燥补水,而不是直接止咳。

误区三:认为润燥就该多吃甜食、多喝糖水。

甜食容易生痰,冰糖雪梨、银耳羹如果糖分放得过多,会加重咽喉黏腻的不适感,润燥饮食一定要清淡少糖。

清华大学玉泉医院副院长 冯兴中:还有一些信号不能简单归为秋燥。干咳持续超过两周,同时伴有胸痛、低烧、痰中带血;口干十分严重,大量喝水也得不到缓解,还出现多尿、消瘦这类情况,一定要及时就医排查病因,切勿耽误病情。

Open Questions

  • 不同地区的秋燥表现是否有差异?
  • 儿童和老年人应如何调整补水与饮食方案?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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