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Back“理财产品要变相保本了”是误读政策
“理财产品要变相保本了”是误读政策
NEWS
中国新闻网2 hours agoBusiness3 min readChinaView translation

“理财产品要变相保本了”是误读政策

央行推出债市非银大额赎回互换便利,旨在防范系统性风险而非承诺保本

Quick Look

中国人民银行推出债市非银大额赎回互换便利,旨在应对极端市场波动下的赎回压力,防止恶性循环。官方强调此举并非理财产品变相保本,而是救急不兜底,旨在维护市场稳定。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

2018年《资管新规》要求银行理财打破刚性兑付。2022年底曾出现理财赎回潮引发债市波动。

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近日,中国人民银行等部门推出了一项新工具:债市非银大额赎回互换便利。消息一出,网上便有解读称“理财要变相保本了”。这其实是对这项工具的误读。实际上,理财承诺保本早就是过去式了。2018年《资管新规》出台,明确要求银行理财“打破刚性兑付”,也就是不能再承诺“保本保收益”。那么,这一次央行推出的“新工具”到底是干什么的?跟我们的理财产品有什么关系?

这是什么工具?

从名字就能看出,这项工具主要针对:债市、非银、赎回。简单理解,这项工具就是针对银行理财、公募基金等这些非银行类的金融机构,央行开辟了一条应急借钱的通道,专在债券市场大幅波动、产品遭遇集中赎回的极端情形下启用。

为什么要出台新工具?

这跟你我就有不少关系了。现在很多老百姓的钱都去买银行理财、公募基金,这些产品体量非常大,规模已经超过70万亿元,大家买的这些产品当中大量的资金都配置在了债券市场。正常环境下运行平稳,但一旦出现极端行情,风险不容忽视。比如说2022年底曾经出现一波理财赎回潮,当时不少投资者集中赎回产品,资管机构被迫只能抛售债券,导致债券价格随之下跌,产品净值进一步回落,又引发更多赎回,陷入“赎回、抛售、下跌”的恶性循环。

设立这项工具,就是避免债券市场里这样恶性循环的风险扩散。

央行会直接把钱贷给基金、理财公司吗?

并不是,央行不能直接向非银机构发放贷款,采用的是资产互换的模式。简单理解:符合条件的资管机构,从央行借入央行票据,用这份票据到市场融资,拿到资金去承接那些被恐慌抛售的合格资产,以此打断恶性循环。

债市出现下跌,央行就会马上出手干预呢?

并不是。它属于极端场景下的应急工具,不是日常的市场调节手段。只有债券市场剧烈波动,大量资管机构同时遭遇赎回压力,马上要形成赎回抛售的恶性循环时,才会启动。如果是机构自身投资失误、信用违约带来的信用风险,并不在央行的工具救助范围内,需要机构自己承担,打消市场“出事就有人救” 的兜底幻想。

这项政策的核心原则是救急不兜底,救市场,不救问题机构。设立这个工具,并不是要保证大家的理财、基金只赚不亏,它的意义是在极端市场冲击到来时,防范出现系统性风险,维护债券市场平稳有序运行。

Open Questions

  • 具体互换便利的准入标准是什么?
  • 极端情形的触发阈值如何界定?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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