
第十六期“浦江科学大师讲坛”在复旦大学举行,利斯特谈有机催化与科研精神
2021年诺贝尔化学奖得主本亚明·利斯特在上海复旦大学出席“浦江科学大师讲坛”,分享其在有机催化领域的研究心得,并勉励青年学子保持热爱、勇于挑战,共同应对可持续化工、能源与气候变化等全球挑战。
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本亚明·利斯特与戴维·麦克米伦因开发“不对称有机催化”共同获得2021年诺贝尔化学奖。该技术使化学家能够利用非金属催化剂更精准地构建分子。
中新网上海10月12日电 (记者 陈静)“尽管我无法提供一个获得诺贝尔奖的完整‘配方’,但我会告诉大家,想要赢取诺贝尔奖,需要做到什么。”2021年诺贝尔化学奖得主、德国马克斯·普朗克煤炭研究所主任本亚明·利斯特(Benjamin List)12日在上海演讲时给出答案:追寻热爱、尝试不同、目标远大。
第十六期“浦江科学大师讲坛”12日在复旦大学举行。利斯特以“催化美丽世界:给下一代的三个信息”为题,与上海市高校及中学师生代表面对面畅谈,聚焦有机催化前沿方向。
2021年诺贝尔化学奖得主、德国马克斯·普朗克煤炭研究所主任本亚明·利斯特(Benjamin List)12日登上浦江科学大师讲坛。(复旦大学供图)
据悉,2021年,他与美国科学家戴维·麦克米伦(David MacMillan)因开发“不对称有机催化”同获诺贝尔化学奖。这一概念的意义在于,它让化学家能够用非金属催化剂更精准地构建分子。
在利斯特看来,催化不仅有“魔法”,更是推动人类现代社会发展的重要技术之一。“地球的未来很大程度上取决于催化剂。”他举例说,在能源领域,通过三元催化(Three-Way Catalysis),汽油燃烧产生的一氧化碳、碳氢化合物和氮氧化物可被主要转化为二氧化碳、水和氮气;通过催化,煤炭可转化为汽油;通过催化裂解烷烃,可制造更小的碳氢化合物,为飞机、汽车、轮船等提供燃料。
利斯特对化学的热爱始于青少年时期。那时的利斯特相信,既然世界包括人体都是由分子、原子组成的,那么化学家或许能够了解关于这个世界的一切。当时中学还没有开设化学课,充满好奇心的他决定自己动手,13岁时,他在朋友家的地下室里建起了化学实验室。
在攻读化学博士学位期间,利斯特研究的是维生素B12合成。他坦言,那三年的研究非常艰难,维生素B12是一种非常复杂的小分子,合成难度很大,三年间他每天夜以继日地研究。他表示:“如果不是因为‘追寻热爱’,我很难坚持下去。”
后来,他把研究领域定在催化领域。“我认为催化是所有科学中最为迷人的一部分,从原理上说,一个催化剂分子可以反复参与反应,促使成千上万个产物分子的生成,这正是催化的魔法所在。”利斯特表示。
获得诺贝尔化学奖后,利斯特并不认为这是终点。“作为化学家必须足够谦虚。我们能做的,跟自然界相比,还是沧海一粟。”他说,“大家要有高远的目标,做一些真正有挑战的事情。”
“我们将解决人类面临的三个紧迫的问题:可持续的化工产业、能源供给、气候变化。”利斯特坦言,“做科研就是要去前人未踏足的地方,独自进入‘黑暗森林’。首先你对化学得是热爱的,这样就能坚持下去。”
谈到在多国开展科研的经历,利斯特表示,科学研究不是靠单个国家就能完成的,需要跨国协作。他非常喜欢国际化的团队,并表示:“我团队中目前有5名中国同事,我非常欣赏他们做科研时的乐观和刻苦。”

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