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Back从“捕鱼人”到“护江人”:长江十年禁渔见证安徽段生态蝶变
从“捕鱼人”到“护江人”:长江十年禁渔见证安徽段生态蝶变
NEWS
中国新闻网1 hour agoEnvironment7 min readChinaView translation

从“捕鱼人”到“护江人”:长江十年禁渔见证安徽段生态蝶变

长江大保护战略实施十年来,安徽马鞍山、安庆等地统筹推进生态修复,昔日码头密集的江段重现“一江碧水向东流”胜景。

Quick Look

长江大保护实施十年之际,安徽马鞍山与安庆等地的退捕渔民积极转型,由“捕鱼人”变为“护江人”。随着系统治理的深入,安徽长江流域水质持续优良,江豚等水生生物种群数量显著恢复,再现水清岸绿的生态画卷。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

自2020年习近平总书记考察马鞍山并强调长江大保护以来,安徽省积极推进长江十年禁渔与沿岸生态修复。

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暮色四合,在长江干流安徽省马鞍山市当涂段,一艘巡护船亮起探照灯,贴着岸线缓缓前行。“哪段岸坡有松动、哪片芦苇有异常,傍晚手电筒光线斜着照过去,看得很清楚。”站在船头巡查的刘凯向大家传授经验。

早年,刘凯靠在长江捕鱼维生,如今他放下渔网办起造船厂,还牵头成立当涂县渔业资源保护协会。身份虽然变了,但他始终放不下这条江。

2020年8月19日,习近平总书记来到马鞍山市考察调研。总书记详细了解马鞍山市境内长江岸线综合整治和生态环境保护修复、长江十年禁渔等工作落实情况,走到江边察看长江水势和岸线生态环境。总书记强调,要增强爱护长江、保护长江的意识,实现“人民保护长江、长江造福人民”的良性循环,早日重现“一江碧水向东流”的胜景。

马鞍山市境内长江干流岸线共36公里,曾是码头、砂场密集的区域,一度水体污染严重。“十年前,我和渔民们上岸后很不习惯,心里空落落的。但心里坚定的想法是,透支生态换生计终究走不远,必须上岸。”刘凯回忆说。咬紧牙关,刘凯去外地学技术、找出路,回到家乡创办造船厂。目前,该厂先后研发出50余款船型,年营业额突破千万,十余名退捕渔民在船厂安心就业。

从“水上漂”到“地上干”,越来越多渔民不仅转型上了岸,还积极参与长江生态保护。他们自费购置趸船、巡逻艇,主动参与岸线和水域的巡护。“我捕了20多年鱼了,现在开始管江了,感觉心里很踏实。”当涂县渔业资源保护协会护渔队队长程友清说。

在长江大保护战略的指引下,近年来,马鞍山市一体推进境内长江沿岸水、渔、岸、产的系统治理与生态修复,全面完成长江干支流入河排污口整治。长江在马鞍山境内鱼类规模、资源密度较禁渔前分别增长1.5倍、2倍。

顺着长江向西而行,在长江干流安庆段,频繁现身的江豚,绘就了一幅人与江和谐共生的鲜活画卷。60多岁的张礼元这些年相伴江豚。每天清晨,他提着装满小鱼的桶来到江边,用竹竿击打水面,江豚便闻声前来觅食。

2019年,张礼元响应禁渔政策,主动放弃捕鱼生计,是当地第一批签订退捕责任书的渔民。此后,他进入安庆西江江豚迁地保护中心工作,成为一名专职护豚巡护员。张礼元能凭水面波动认出不同的江豚,还能通过江豚的呼吸和捕食行为判断它们的健康状况,被大家亲切地称为“豚爸”。“养久了,跟自家孩子一样,看不得它受罪。江豚挑水住,水好它才来。只要江豚在,这条江就有奔头。”张礼元说。

一江碧水,两岸葱茏。安徽省生态环境厅水生态环境处刘如雨用一组监测数据记录着这条江的复苏:2025年安徽长江流域国考断面水质优良比例达到94.8%,较2016年提升15.5个百分点;长江干流安徽段连续11年稳定保持Ⅱ类优质水质;长江干流安庆段成为长江干流江豚种群密度最高的区域。

“人民保护长江、长江造福人民”。长江大保护战略实施十周年来的变化,沿江而居的百姓感受最真切。安庆市民梁欢常在江边散步,他感慨道:“以前水浑得很,岸线也乱,现在水清了,江豚也回来了。我经常拍些照片发朋友圈,外地的朋友都特别羡慕。”

Open Questions

  • 未来退捕渔民的长期生计保障政策将如何持续?
  • 江豚栖息地的后续保护资金如何落实?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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