
日本救急医学会など4学会が新たな指針、診療チームと本人・家族の話し合いを重視
日本救急医学会など4学会は28日、救急搬送や集中治療を受ける患者の生命維持治療に関する新指針を公表した。終末期の定義を設けず、診療チームと本人・家族が話し合って方針を決める手順を明確化し、治療終了後の緩和ケアも具体的に示した。
AI-generated summary
日本救急医学会など4学会による生命維持治療のあり方に関する新たな指針の公表。
日本救急医学会など4学会は28日、救急搬送されたり集中治療を受けたりする患者の生命維持治療のあり方に関して、新たな指針を公表した。患者の価値観を尊重し、医師や看護師などの診療チームと本人・家族が話し合って方針を決める手順を明確化。従来指針と異なり「終末期」を定義せず、治療終了後の緩和ケアも具体的に示した。
新指針では、治療終了などを検討する場合、診療チームが症状や患者の意向、生活の質などを検討。本人や家族らとも情報を共有し、共同で意思決定するとした。患者が意思を示せない場合は、家族との話し合いを通じて意向を推定する。
チームと家族の意見が異なったり、見通しが不明確だったりする場合、期間を決めて治療を試す「期限付き治療」の試行を明記。経過を見極めた上で、治療の継続や終了などを改めて検討するとした。
治療終了後も、患者の苦痛を和らげるケアを重視。人工呼吸器を外す際に生じる苦しみの緩和や家族への支援などを示した。

With the second-fastest influenza outbreak on record, infections are also spreading in Kumamoto Prefecture, where people are still evacuated after the July earthquake. Experts are cautioning against crowds in evacuation centers, stressing the importance of washing hands and wearing masks, as well as getting vaccinated as soon as possible.

Eisai and Biogen announced on the 16th that they have received manufacturing and marketing approval from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare for a subcutaneous injection formulation of the Alzheimer's disease treatment drug lecanemab. The drug can be self-administered once a week, which is expected to reduce the burden on patients.

Ahead of Respect for the Aged Day, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare announced that the number of people aged 100 or older nationwide has reached 107,677, setting a record high for the 56th consecutive year. Nearly 90% of the participants are women, and the oldest in Japan are Fuyo Kishimoto (Kyoto City), 114 years old, and Hikaru Kato (Kumamoto City), 112 years old. Shimane Prefecture has the highest number of cases per 100,000 people and has been at the top for 14 consecutive years.

In 2025, 43,631 people will be transported by ambulance due to self-injury or suicide attempts, and this number is on the rise, especially among people under 19, which has increased 2.6 times since 2019. According to a survey conducted by a critical care center, drug overdose was the most common cause at 59.5%, and the rate was higher among young people. Family problems and health problems were the top motivations, and school problems accounted for about 40% of elementary, junior high, and high school students.
A research team from the National Institute for Environmental Studies and the University of Tokyo conducted a survey of approximately 11,000 elderly people in Tokyo. It has been found that elderly people who own a dog have a 48% lower risk of developing dementia requiring nursing care than those who do not own a dog.

Influenza season has entered the nation, the second fastest on record. There are concerns that students will have more opportunities to come into contact with each other due to the start of the new school year, and the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare is calling for basic infection control measures such as hand-washing and cough etiquette.