
2026年世界职业院校技能大赛在天津举行,展示了中国职业教育国际化成果。中国已在32国建成38个鲁班工坊,通过产教融合模式,与全球80多个国家开展500余项合作,助力当地技能人才培养与工业发展。
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中国已建成世界上规模最大的职业教育体系,并积极通过鲁班工坊等项目向海外输出职业教育经验。
新华社天津10月18日电 题:中国“职教出海”绘就国际合作新图景
新华社记者张宇琪、栗雅婷
在2026年世界职业院校技能大赛冠军总决赛现场,赞比亚卡富埃峡培训学校与浙江同济科技职业学院组成的团队把人工智能应用到了人工耳蜗黄金线圈检测中,并通过合作赢得了大赛季军。
本届大赛紧跟全球产业发展趋势,共设人工智能、新一代信息技术等43个赛道,海外选手参赛规模创历史新高。海外赛区在东南亚、中亚、非洲和欧洲的基础上,增设大洋洲赛区,总决赛共有五大洲78个国家和地区的9391支队伍、3.6万名选手参赛。
世界职业院校技能大赛是中国“职教出海”的一个缩影。中国已建成世界上规模最大的职业教育体系,并积极与越来越多的国家携手培养专业技能人才,分享中国实践、方案与经验,让中国职教发展成果惠及更多国家和民众。
《中国职业教育白皮书》于10月17日在天津发布。白皮书显示,中国300余所职业学校在80多个国家和地区开展500多个职业教育合作项目,形成多层次、多主体、多区域协同推进的职业教育国际合作格局。
近年来,中国职业教育的“朋友圈”越扩越大——从泰国湄南河畔到埃及沙漠边缘,从哈萨克斯坦的实训中心到葡萄牙的工程课堂,越来越多国家希望从中国职教经验中“取经”。
今年3月,14名来自意大利约布斯学院的外国学生来到天津现代职业技术学院,学习无人机法律法规、设备结构、基础飞行、应急救援、地理测绘等内容。
“意大利在职业教育领域有着深厚积淀,而中国在无人机技术应用与低空经济发展方面走在世界前列。”意大利约布斯学院国际合作负责人玛丽亚·格拉齐亚·布拉蒂表示,此次短期留学项目为意大利学生提供了难得的学习交流机会。她期待未来双方在无人机技术领域能够继续合作。
“中国职业教育最大的吸引力,在于我们坚持产教融合、面向产业、服务就业的办学方向。中国拥有庞大的产业基础、完善的专业体系以及国家层面强有力的政策支持,同时我们扎根本土,注重技能人才培养与实体经济发展同频,能够快速培养产业急需的技术技能人才,这也是很多国家愿意和我们开展职教合作的重要原因。”天津现代职业技术学院国际交流与合作部部长张颖说。
鲁班工坊则是一张中国职业教育的“国家名片”。2016年,天津在境外建设了中国首个鲁班工坊——泰国鲁班工坊。教育部数据显示,截至目前,中国已在32个国家建成38个鲁班工坊,累计培养学历生3万余人,培训非学历生16万余人次。
天津渤海职业技术学院为泰国鲁班工坊提供了优秀师资、先进教学设备和优厚的赴华深造奖学金,使合作方泰国大城技术学院无论在硬件设备、课程设置、教学水平,还是教学成果方面都成为当地职业技术院校中的“佼佼者”。
十年来,泰国鲁班工坊先后完成三期建设,形成“一个鲁班工坊,内设渤海中心、铁院中心”的“一坊两中心”建设模式,开设6个国际化专业并全部纳入泰国国民教育体系。
9月23日,泰国鲁班工坊建设十周年庆祝活动举行,全球首个EPIP工程技术中心正式揭牌启运。EPIP四个字母分别代表工程、实践、创新、项目,其要义在于让学生在真实项目中边做边学,侧重培养解决实际问题的能力。
“鲁班工坊正在从1.0迈向2.0版本。”天津渤海职业技术学院国际交流与合作办公室副主任梅文涛亲历了鲁班工坊十年的发展,感触颇深。“我们不单单为当地培养人才,更把整套东西留下来,真正融入并促进当地的发展。”
尼加拉瓜是美洲首个建立鲁班工坊的国家,开设物联网应用技术、电气自动化技术、机电一体化、机械制造以及自动化等专业,助力提升尼加拉瓜的生产技术和工业发展水平。
“我们知道投资青年培养,就是投资我们经济的竞争力、社会的稳定性以及非洲大陆的未来。”吉布提国民教育与职业培训部部长穆斯塔法·穆罕默德·马哈茂德说,“吉布提鲁班工坊远不只是一所培训中心,更是吉中友谊的生动象征,也是对我国青年未来的宝贵投资。”

The Beijing Educational Examination Authority issued a notice clarifying that registration for Beijing's 2027 general colleges and universities will begin on October 25, 2026. It will be divided into three stages: online application submission, online information filling and payment, and on-site confirmation of registration qualifications. The specific time and required materials have been announced.

Online registration for the 2027 National Master’s Degree Admissions Examination officially begins on October 15. The "2026 China Undergraduate Employment Report" released by Max shows that although the scale of master's degree training continues to expand, the popularity of postgraduate entrance examinations has cooled down, and college students' decision-making for further studies has become more rational. The proportion of graduates in science, engineering, agriculture and medicine is higher in postgraduate studies, and they are concentrated in basic disciplines and cutting-edge technology fields. The number of applicants for majors such as chemistry, biology, physics, mathematics, materials science and engineering, computer science and technology has increased. The proportion of postgraduate applicants for professional degrees such as clinical medicine and energy and power has also increased significantly, which is in line with the country's strategic emerging industries and talent needs in fields such as medical and health, and "double carbon". The proportion of graduate students studying education dropped from 12.3% in the class of 2021 to 9.9% in the class of 2025.

The Beijing Municipal Education Commission issued the "Beijing Municipality's "15th Five-Year Plan" Period to Promote the Integrated Development of Childcare Services, proposing to establish a complete childcare service system by 2030 and improve the quality of childcare services by expanding the supply of inclusive resources, diversifying service models and coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.

45 countries jointly released the "World Standards Framework for Vocational and Technical Education" ("Beijing Agreement") in Tianjin. This is the first international vocational education standard developed by China. It aims to establish an international standard framework for vocational education in terms of value, system, governance, etc., and promote mutual learning of global vocational skills.

The 2026 World Vocational College Skills Competition Championship Finals concluded in Tianjin on the evening of the 16th. The Jinhua Vocational and Technical University team won the championship with its power tool test project. This year's competition covers 78 countries, reaching a new high in scale.

The "China Vocational Education White Paper" was released in Tianjin on the 17th. The white paper shows that more than 300 vocational schools in China have carried out more than 500 vocational education cooperation projects in more than 80 countries and regions, and have built 38 Luban workshops with 32 countries.