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Back台積電被低估的AI投資機會:成長動能強勁但海外擴產成本壓利潤
台積電被低估的AI投資機會:成長動能強勁但海外擴產成本壓利潤
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自由时报1 hour agoBusiness2 min readChinaView translation

台積電被低估的AI投資機會:成長動能強勁但海外擴產成本壓利潤

Quick Look

台積電在AI需求推動下營收與獲利雙升,過去一年營收達1430億美元,營業利益率創十年新高55.84%。儘管股價今年漲逾48%,外媒分析師仍認為其具投資吸引力,未來12至18個月有約43%上漲空間。但海外擴產成本上升及地緣政治折價,可能長期壓縮利潤率,需觀察AI需求延續性與獲利能力維持情況。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

台積電為全球領先的半導體代工廠商,受惠於AI需求快速成長,特別是生成式AI與代理型AI的發展,帶動晶片需求激增。公司過去一年營收達1430億美元,營業利益率達55.84%。為應對客戶對供應鏈地理多元化的需求,台積電正在美國亞利桑那州擴大投資,並額外增加1000億美元資本支出。

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台積電在先進邏輯晶片製造領域具有高度優勢。(示意圖,法新社)

〔財經頻道/綜合報導〕台積電(TSMC)現在是值得買進並且被低估的AI股票嗎?外媒《The Motley Fool》投資分析師Parkev Tatevosian指出,儘管台積電股價今年已大漲,但考量公司未來成長前景與目前估值,仍認為台積電具備投資吸引力,並將原本「中等」的信心程度提高至「高」。

他指出,AI需求持續升溫,台積電成為主要受惠者。隨著生成式AI快速發展,近期「代理型AI」也開始帶動新一波半導體需求,除了GPU、AI加速器外,CPU、記憶體與儲存元件需求也同步增加,讓台積電原本就吃緊的產能再度面臨壓力。

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台積電過去1年營收已達約1430億美元,AI需求更讓營收成長速度在ChatGPT問世後明顯加快。如今代理型AI崛起,市場預期將進一步擴大半導體需求,也迫使台積電持續擴充產能。

目前台積電產能利用率維持高檔,即使公司沒有大幅提高價格,仍能靠高產能利用率推升獲利。最新過去1年營業利益率達55.84%,創下至少10年來新高。

不過,台積電也面臨海外擴產帶來的成本壓力。為滿足客戶對供應鏈地理多元化的要求,台積電持續在美國亞利桑那州擴大投資,並額外增加1000億美元投資。

輝達(NVIDIA)、蘋果(Apple)及超微(AMD)等主要客戶,希望降低製造產能過度集中台灣所帶來的地緣政治風險,加上美國政府的補助及關稅政策,都成為台積電赴美擴產的推力。

然而,台積電管理層也多次提醒,美國生產成本明顯高於台灣,海外產能擴大後,長期可能壓縮整體利潤率。目前強勁的AI需求與高產能利用率,仍暫時抵銷了部分成本壓力,但管理層並未改變利潤率可能下滑的預期。

另一方面,台積電今年股價已上漲超過48%,目前預期本益比已接近近幾年的高檔。不過,從絕對估值來看,台積電仍低於標普500指數成分股平均水準,其中一項原因就是市場仍對台積電給予地緣政治折價。

有分析估算,台積電ADR合理價值約為639美元,若以當前市場價格約445美元計算,模型推算未來12至18個月仍有約43%的潛在上漲空間。不過,實際股價仍將受到AI需求、半導體景氣、海外擴產成本及地緣政治等因素影響。

整體而言,AI需求與代理型AI持續為台積電帶來成長動能,但海外擴產也可能成為壓低利潤率的重要因素。隨著股價今年已大幅上漲,市場接下來除了關注AI需求能否延續,也將密切觀察台積電能否在擴大海外產能的同時,維持目前的高獲利能力。

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What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 台積電股價在未來12至18個月內有約43%的上漲空間

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 台積電海外擴產後,長期利潤率能否維持在當前水準?
  • AI需求特別是代理型AI的增長能否持續超過18個月?
  • 台積電股價是否已充分反映其未來成長預期與地緣政治折價?

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