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BackAPEC峰會與川普、普廷會晤 《紐時》:習近平可能有點尷尬
APEC峰會與川普、普廷會晤 《紐時》:習近平可能有點尷尬
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自由时报30 minutes agoPolitics3 min readChinaView translation

APEC峰會與川普、普廷會晤 《紐時》:習近平可能有點尷尬

分析指出,烏克蘭戰爭與核武議題使中國在美俄博弈中處於尷尬處境

Quick Look

美中俄正磋商於深圳APEC峰會期間舉行三國元首會晤。分析指出,烏克蘭戰爭與核武限制議題使中國面臨外交兩難,北京擔憂重蹈歷史覆轍並強調歐洲應參與烏克蘭問題談判。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

1945年雅爾達密約中,美蘇英未經中國同意決定中國權益,成為中國外交歷史的負面教訓。目前美俄核武軍控條約已到期,中國正擴充核武庫。

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美中俄3國元首可能在深圳APEC峰會期間會晤。《紐約時報》分析指出,中國對雅爾達密約的負面觀感,及會談可能涉及烏克蘭戰爭、核武問題,中國國家主席習近平陷於尷尬處境。

中國4日證實,正與俄羅斯、美國就3國領導人會晤進行磋商,會晤可能在18日至19日於中國深圳舉行的亞太經濟合作(APEC)經濟領袖會議期間展開。

分析指出,高峰會或許將提升習近平的地位。但關於烏克蘭未來和核武限制的談判,對中國而言卻是個棘手的選擇。此外的困難還有中國對雅爾達密約的負面觀感。

1945年初,美國、蘇聯和英國的領導人在雅爾達會面,達成秘密協議,承諾給予莫斯科在中國的特殊權利,以換取蘇聯加入對日戰爭。但中國未參與談判。上海復旦大學中美問題專家辛強表示:「這是中國永遠不會忘記的大國政治歷史教訓。」

分析指出,這次會晤或許會鞏固中國成為與美國平起平坐、不可或缺的全球大國的雄心,但也可能重蹈北京聲稱反對大國博弈的歷史覆轍。俄羅斯提出舉行此次會晤的構想,已引發烏克蘭擔憂。

中國不願為俄、美就烏克蘭問題達成協議提供平台。這樣做將與北京的立場相悖,即和平談判需要烏克蘭和歐洲的參與。

此前訪問北京的德國總統史坦麥爾(Frank-Walter Steinmeier)告訴德國媒體,他與習近平會面時,習近平明確表示,美俄中不會在深圳討論烏克蘭的命運。

「你可以看出他臉上很惱火。他甚至問這些謠言是從哪裡來的」,史坦麥爾說,「他明確表示,這是一場歐洲衝突,歐洲人必須參與談判」。

據指出,北京也不願討論核武問題。美俄最後一份核武軍控條約已於今年2月到期。但是對北京而言,這個問題根本無法討論。在習近平領導下,中國已經放棄了數十年來維持「最低限度威懾」核武庫的戰略。中國正在累積足以與華盛頓和莫斯科匹敵的核武庫,並且一直拒絕限制核武發展。

上個月,當被問及中國是否同意在深圳與美國和俄羅斯討論無核化問題時,中國外交部發言人毛寧表示,裁軍的首要責任在於華盛頓,要求中國參與核裁軍談判「既不公平,也不合理,更不現實」。

不過,上海國際問題研究院安全問題專家趙龍表示,中國可能願意就降低核衝突風險進行談判。這可能包括改善危機期間的溝通管道,並確保即使在人工智慧(AI)時代,各國仍能保持對核決策的人為控制。

在許多西方官員看來,中國在影響莫斯科方面扮演關鍵角色,因為俄羅斯在外交和經濟上都高度依賴北京。但對北京而言,中國與這場它既未挑起、也未提供軍事支持的衝突關係不大。

一些中國分析家認為,北京所能做的最多就是配合會談,同時努力避免給人留下它能夠對克里姆林宮施壓的印象。

Open Questions

  • 美中俄三國元首會晤是否最終成行?
  • 中國將如何在不介入烏克蘭衝突的前提下參與會談?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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