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Back退休理財三大地雷:過度保守、一次領退休金、長期資助成年子女
退休理財三大地雷:過度保守、一次領退休金、長期資助成年子女
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自由时报1 hour agoBusiness2 min readChinaView translation

退休理財三大地雷:過度保守、一次領退休金、長期資助成年子女

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美國資產管理公司Ariel Investments共同執行長霍布森指出,退休族常見三大理財錯誤:投資過度保守、一次領取大筆退休金以及持續金援成年子女,其中過度保守可能導致資產無法跑贏通膨,建議維持股票與固定收益的適當配置、逐步調整投資組合,並設定資助子女的明確範圍與期限。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

退休後財務規劃是重要議題,許多人認為保守投資更安全,但長期來說可能無法跑贏通膨,影響退休生活品質。

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退休生活要安心,做好財務規劃與資產配置很重要。(本報製圖)

〔財經頻道/綜合報導〕退休後投資愈保守就愈安全?美國資產管理公司Ariel Investments共同執行長、星巴克前董事長霍布森(Mellody Hobson)點名退休理財3大地雷,其中最大錯誤恐讓不少人意外,不是投資太積極,而是「過度保守」。

霍布森接受《Kiplinger》專訪表示,退休族常踩中3大理財地雷,包括投資過度保守、一次領出大筆退休金,以及持續金援成年子女。他說,退休族與準退休族最常犯的錯誤,就是隨著退休時間逼近,太快、太早降低股票部位。她直言:「人們以為不賠錢就是贏,但長期下來卻跑不贏通膨。」

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霍布森指出,退休後仍可能有長達30年的生活需要資金支應,因此退休金不能只求「不虧」,還要考慮長期成長。股票仍是讓資產成長的重要工具,但她並非鼓勵退休族把資金全部押進股市,而是應在股票與固定收益資產之間維持適當、多元的配置。

如果已經把投資組合變得過度保守,也不必一次大量買進股票。霍布森建議,可以尋求財務顧問協助,逐步增加股票配置,或利用6個月至1年的時間定期定額投入,降低一次進場的風險。

除了投資過度保守,第二大地雷是退休時一次領出大筆401(k)退休金。霍布森指出,大筆提款意味著能夠繼續投資及享受複利成長的本金減少,如果是傳統401(k),還可能因提款被視為一般所得而面臨較高稅負。

她也提醒退休族不要因為突然取得一大筆錢,就衝動拿去買船、度假或大肆消費。霍布森舉例,「你不一定要買一艘船,可以去搭船旅行」,因為一時享樂可能犧牲長期財務安全。

第三大地雷則是持續金援成年子女。霍布森甚至形容,這種現象近年已到了近乎「流行病」的程度。退休族若不斷拿自己的退休資產補貼成年子女,最終可能威脅自己的晚年生活。

她呼籲,父母必須認真面對成年子女的經濟獨立問題,如果確實需要提供協助,也應清楚訂出支援的範圍及長期期限,到了適當時候就應該替成年子女「拆掉輔助輪」。

霍布森強調,不論是投資過度保守、一次領出大筆退休金,還是持續金援成年子女,即使已經退休都還來得及調整。退休並非財務規劃的終點,追求財務安全這件事,「沒有真正的終點線」。

一手掌握經濟脈動 點我訂閱自由財經Youtube頻道

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 退休族將逐步增加股票配置以對抗通膨

    Likely · Within months

  • 一次大額退休金提款的稅負問題將受到更多關注

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 退休族理想的股票與固定收益資產配置比例是多少?
  • 如何評估成年子女的經濟獨立準備程度?
  • 一次領取退休金的最佳稅務策略為何?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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