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Back從駭客操縱超市冰箱到煽動法國暴動!歐洲面臨「國家恐怖主義」與認知戰夾擊
從駭客操縱超市冰箱到煽動法國暴動!歐洲面臨「國家恐怖主義」與認知戰夾擊
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自由时报55 minutes agoWorld3 min readChinaView translation

從駭客操縱超市冰箱到煽動法國暴動!歐洲面臨「國家恐怖主義」與認知戰夾擊

內部評估顯示俄羅斯針對關鍵基礎設施與社會矛盾滲透破壞,MAGA陣營與以色列官員亦參與法國暴動認知操作

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歐洲面臨前所未有的複合式安全威脅,俄羅斯針對關鍵基礎設施進行網路攻擊與實體破壞,並利用AI與社群媒體散布假訊息。愛沙尼亞、比利時、芬蘭、瑞典近百家超市冷藏設備遭駭,法國約700家超市遇襲,愛沙尼亞米爾雷姆機器人公司遭縱火。法國暴動期間,親俄網絡與MAGA陣營、以色列官員利用社群媒體操作輿論,試圖將歐洲選民推向政治極端。

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Why It Matters

文章引述金融時報與路透社報導,以及歐盟與法國外交部內部評估報告,指出俄羅斯近期針對歐洲關鍵基礎設施進行網路攻擊與實體破壞,並利用AI與社群媒體散布假訊息,試圖打擊歐洲社會矛盾並削弱對烏克蘭的支持。

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歐洲目前正面臨前所未有的複合式安全威脅。最新外流的政府內部評估與官員專訪顯示,俄羅斯等外部勢力正大舉滲透並破壞歐洲穩定:一方面針對關鍵基礎設施進行網路攻擊與實體破壞,另一方面則利用人工智慧(AI)與社群媒體散布假訊息,精準打擊各國的社會矛盾。

金融時報報導,歐洲近期頻傳疑似由莫斯科主導的蓄意破壞與縱火事件。上週,愛沙尼亞、比利時、芬蘭及瑞典等國近百家超市的冷藏設備,遭到駭客攻擊導致過熱,加上法國上個月約700家超市遇襲,造成數百萬歐元損失,被歐盟執委會認定為針對歐洲食品安全的攻擊。

此外,愛沙尼亞米爾雷姆機器人公司(Milrem Robotics)今年8月也遭縱火,當局查出嫌犯受僱於俄羅斯。

愛沙尼亞內政部長塔羅(Igor Taro)直言,俄羅斯將攻擊精準控制在軍事門檻之下,包辦該國9成的內部安全威脅,「『混合戰(hybrid)』這個詞太過溫和,這根本是國家支持的恐怖主義(state-sponsored terrorism)。」他強調,歐洲必須查證並追究每一次攻擊的責任歸屬。波蘭總理圖斯克(Donald Tusk)也警告,俄羅斯的威脅將持續擴大,東歐與波羅的海國家首當其衝。

除了硬體破壞,歐洲的社會韌性也正遭受嚴峻考驗。路透取得的歐盟與法國外交部內部評估報告揭露,在法國10月間因物價高漲爆發嚴重暴動期間,一個名為「超載行動」(Operation Overload)的親俄網絡趁機作亂,利用AI偽造西方主流媒體報導,散布「移民性侵抗議者」等假訊息,企圖將暴動歸咎於失控的移民,藉此營造法國政府軟弱無能的形象,並破壞歐洲民眾對支援烏克蘭的支持。

值得注意的是,這場認知戰並非只有俄國參與。法國外交部的資料顯示,雖然親俄帳號在騷亂期間獲得數百萬次點閱,但與「讓美國再次偉大」(MAGA)陣營相關的帳號,以及以色列官員與網紅的發文影響力更為驚人,兩者在社群平台X上分別創造4900萬次與3500萬次的觀看數,試圖將暴動與激進伊斯蘭主義及移民問題連結。

美國智庫「蘭德公司」(RAND Corporation)資深政治學家崔格(Elina Treyger)指出,各方勢力正積極投入這場「論述競爭」,透過投機性地利用歐洲內部的動盪,這些外部力量正在助長反移民情緒,並潛移默化地將歐洲選民推向政治極端。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 歐盟與各國將加強對關鍵基礎設施的安全防護與反情報調查

    Likely · Within weeks

  • 東歐與波羅的海國家將進一步提升安全警戒與國防合作

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 具體駭客攻擊的技術細節與歸屬證據是否會公開?
  • 愛沙尼亞米爾雷姆機器人公司縱火案的嫌犯身份與俄羅斯關係的完整證據鏈如何?
  • 歐盟與各國將採取什麼具體反制措施來追究責任?
  • MAGA陣營與以色列官員在法國暴動認知操作中的具體協調程度如何?

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