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Back瓜地馬拉利用台灣技術研發首款奈米晶片,拉美多國重新尋求台半導體合作
瓜地馬拉利用台灣技術研發首款奈米晶片,拉美多國重新尋求台半導體合作
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自由时报2 hours agoBusiness3 min readChinaView translation

瓜地馬拉利用台灣技術研發首款奈米晶片,拉美多國重新尋求台半導體合作

Quick Look

瓜地馬拉透過台灣技術協助與人才培育,研發出首顆本土設計奈米晶片「El Gran Jaguar」並使用台積電技術生產;哥斯大黎加、巴拿馬、薩爾瓦多等曾與台灣斷交的拉美國家,如今積極尋求台半導體投資或加入美國主導的「矽盛世」供應鏈倡議,凸顯半導體在地緣政治中的戰略角色。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

AI浪潮引發全球晶片競賽,晶片、能源、關鍵礦物與資料中心成為戰略資源。美國推出Pax Silica倡議建立安全供應鏈,台灣參與其中。瓜地馬拉仍與台灣維持邦交,透過雙邊合作發展半導體產業;哥斯大黎加、巴拿馬、薩爾瓦多等曾與台灣斷交的國家,近年積極尋求台半導體投資或加入美供應鏈倡議。

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瓜地馬拉利用台灣技術研發出首款奈米晶片,並使用台積電的技術進行生產。(本報製圖)

〔財經頻道/綜合報導〕AI浪潮引爆全球晶片競賽,與台維持邦交的瓜地馬拉,正透過台灣培育人才、取得技術協助,首顆本土設計奈米晶片,並使用台積電的技術進行生產。至於那些年棄台投中的拉美國家,如今也忙著追逐「晶片夢」;哥斯大黎加、巴拿馬甚至在與台灣斷交後,赴台接觸半導體業者、尋求投資與合作。有些國家則赴美尋求合作,其中薩爾瓦多早在20年前就曾赴台積電取經,如今也加入美國主導的科技供應鏈倡議。

美國推出Pax Silica倡議,要在AI時代建立安全、韌性且由創新驅動的高科技供應鏈生態系統。(圖取自美國國務院官網)

AI正在重塑全球科技版圖,晶片、能源、關鍵礦物與資料中心也成為各國爭搶的戰略資源。美國2025年底啟動「矽盛世」(Pax Silica)倡議,串聯可信賴夥伴強化AI與半導體供應鏈安全,台灣也參與其中。美國國務院次卿海柏格(Jacob Helberg)今年8月與美國在台協會(AIT)處長谷立言會面後表示,台美正透過「矽盛世」展開合作,以確保推動AI革命的關鍵供應鏈安全;哥斯大黎加、巴拿馬、薩爾瓦多等拉美國家也積極加入這波科技供應鏈重組。

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在這波供應鏈重組下,仍與台灣維持邦交的瓜地馬拉手中正好握有一張「台灣牌」。瓜國政府推動「Ruta del Chip(晶片之路)」,台灣工研院也曾應瓜國政府要求,分析當地發展半導體產業的機會。2025年台瓜更簽署半導體產業合作意向書,將合作擴大至吸引外資、強化供應鏈韌性、研發、人才培育與技術協助。

瓜國的晶片夢也開始從戰略走向實作。瓜地馬拉山谷大學 (Universidad del Valle,UVG) 師生團隊開發該國首顆本土設計奈米晶片「El Gran Jaguar」,目前已進入驗證階段,根據該大學發布的訊息顯示,將採用65奈米製程,並使用台積電的技術進行生產。

值得關注的是,昔日選擇與台灣分道揚鑣的國家,如今也重新把目光投向台灣半導體實力。

2007年與台灣斷交的哥斯大黎加,本身已有Intel等半導體產業基礎,近年積極擴大晶片聚落。哥國投資暨出口促進機構PROCOMER證實,曾派員赴台與至少8家半導體企業接觸,希望吸引台灣業者赴哥國投資。

哥國2025年首度參加SEMICON Taiwan後,今年9月2日至4日的國際半導體展SEMICON Taiwan 2026,哥斯大黎加再次出現在國家專區名單中,連續兩年來台尋找半導體合作與投資商機。

2017年棄台投中的巴拿馬也出現類似場景。今年7月,巴拿馬國會跨黨派代表團訪台,巴拿馬媒體更直接以「赴台尋求半導體投資」報導此行,代表團希望將巴拿馬打造為半導體物流樞紐,並提出設立商務辦事處構想。

巴拿馬政府7月底還推出「國家先進科技議程」,涵蓋AI以及微電子與半導體國家戰略,盼加入全球晶片供應鏈;巴國也加入美國「矽盛世」,積極利用運河、港口與物流優勢,在新一波科技供應鏈重組中卡位。

2018年與台灣斷交的多明尼加同樣追起晶片夢。該國已將發展半導體列為「高度國家優先事項」,2025年推出國家半導體產業戰略。不過,OECD今年3月報告直言,目前多明尼加境內仍沒有半導體企業營運,微電子企業也只有少數,顯示從國家戰略走到真正建立產業仍有很長一段路。

薩爾瓦多與台灣仍有邦交時,前總統(Elías Antonio Saca)2006年曾造訪台積電。(路透)

同樣在2018年棄台投中的薩爾瓦多,今年亦加入「矽盛世」,搶搭美國主導的AI與可信賴科技供應鏈。事實上,薩國仍與台灣有邦交時,前總統薩卡2006年就曾造訪台積電,當時台薩還曾規劃「Taiwan Park」,希望引進台灣高科技產業經驗。

這波拉美「晶片夢」使得部分昔日棄台投中的國家,又重新尋求台灣半導體產業的投資與經驗;而仍與台灣維持邦交的瓜地馬拉,則已透過雙邊合作,從人才培育一路推進到本土晶片設計。當半導體成為地緣政治新籌碼,當年的外交選擇,如今也在晶片競賽中形成強烈反差。

一手掌握經濟脈動 點我訂閱自由財經Youtube頻道

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 瓜地馬拉將在未來12個月內完成「El Gran Jaguar」晶片驗證並進入小規模試產階段

    Likely · Within months

  • 哥斯大黎加、巴拿馬、薩爾瓦多等國將在未來18個月內宣布與台灣半導體業者的具體投資合作案

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 瓜地馬拉「El Gran Jaguar」晶片驗證階段何時完成?
  • 哥斯大黎加、巴拿馬、薩爾瓦多是否已獲得具體台資投資承諾?
  • 台灣在矽盛世倡議中的具體角色與貢獻為何?
  • 拉美國家發展半導體產業面臨哪些主要挑戰?

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