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Back武契奇辞去塞尔维亚总统职务,誓言‘战争才刚刚开始’
武契奇辞去塞尔维亚总统职务,誓言‘战争才刚刚开始’
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中国新闻网1 hour agoPolitics3 min readChinaView translation

武契奇辞去塞尔维亚总统职务,誓言‘战争才刚刚开始’

Quick Look

塞尔维亚总统武契奇于9月27日晚在贝尔格莱德总统府前发表告别演讲,正式辞去总统职务,提前结束第二个任期。他承认在执政期间‘犯过很多错误’,但强调‘战争才刚刚开始’,并表示将以普通公民身份参加10月25日的议会选举,角逐总理职位,以绕过总统连任限制。此举被视为一项战略性权力转移,旨在巩固其在塞尔维亚议会制体系中的实际控制力,同时应对持续的反腐败抗议和欧盟入盟进程的不确定性。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

武契奇自2014年至2017年担任塞尔维亚总理,后转任总统,2017年首次当选,2022年连任。塞尔维亚为议会制国家,实权在于总理而非总统。其辞去总统职务以参选总理,被视为规避总统连任限制的策略。近期塞尔维亚持续发生反腐败抗议,源于2024年11月诺维萨德火车站顶棚坍塌事件,造成十余人死亡。

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武契奇辞去塞尔维亚总统职务,誓言‘战争才刚刚开始’

当地时间9月27日晚,贝尔格莱德总统府前,许多支持者举着火炬,高喊武契奇的塞尔维亚昵称‘阿科(Aco)’,欢迎他发表讲话。

武契奇走出大楼,对支持者说:‘今晚是我最后一次以总统身份,出现在这座美丽的建筑里。’

随后,他签署辞呈,正式辞去塞尔维亚总统职务,提前结束第二个任期。

他在讲话中感谢民众两次在总统选举中给予的信任。‘我以荣誉和正直为塞尔维亚服务,’他说。

他承认在执政期间‘犯过很多错误’。但话锋随即一转:‘现在我在等待辞职,但战争才刚刚开始。我们不是靠权力宝座出生的,没有那把交椅,我们也能打败他们。’

讲话结束前,他对在场所有支持者说:‘一直以来我是你们中的一员,从明天起正式成为你们中的一员,与你们一起为体面、成功和正常的塞尔维亚而奋斗。塞尔维亚万岁。我们去击败他们吧!’

28日上午,武契奇将向国民议会议长移交总统职责,后者代理总统职务。根据塞尔维亚法律,国民议会议长须在3个月内宣布举行总统选举。

根据武契奇此前表态,辞职后,他将以‘普通公民’身份参加10月25日的议会选举,角逐总理职位。

这场辞职其实不算突然。

早在今年6月27日,武契奇就公开表示,会在数周后交出总统职务,并提前举行议会选举。

9月5日,执政的前进党总委员会一致推举他为议会选举名单领衔人和总理候选人;武契奇接受推举,承诺在完成近期国事活动和出访后辞职参选。

9月9日,他签署总统令解散议会,把议会选举提前至10月25日举行。

为什么绕这么大一个弯?

塞尔维亚是议会制国家,真正握有实权的是总理而非总统。

武契奇于2014年至2017年担任总理,随后转任总统;他2017年4月当选、2022年5月连任,按宪法规定总统任期5年、最多连任一次,本届任期原定于2027年5月结束。

辞去总统再竞逐总理,等于绕开这道任期限制。有分析人士指出,这是一招‘以退为进’——从台前的象征性职位,退回握有实权的总理府,继续掌控局面。

主动交权,其实也有现实压力。

2024年11月,北部城市诺维萨德的火车站顶棚坍塌,造成十余人死亡,由此引发的反腐败抗议持续近两年,至今仍未平息。多名塞政府官员表示,抗议获得‘外部势力’支持,但欧盟方面否认了相关说法。

对武契奇而言,与其被动应对,不如主动辞职、提前选举。如此既能削弱反对派继续上街示威的理由,也能抢在对方整合资源前再度巩固执政地位。

从此前民调看,武契奇这步棋走得颇有底气。

塞尔维亚民调机构‘Faktor Plus’9月初发布的数据显示,前进党支持率达47.2%,稳居全国第一。

若这一势头延续,武契奇出任总理几乎是顺理成章。武契奇本人则表示,将以普通公民身份走遍塞尔维亚各地,与民众交流;一旦前进党获胜,新一届政府将精简机构,由总理和最多12名部长组成。

有分析称,这场选举在很大程度上是对武契奇执政的一次‘公投’——支持者将其视为稳定与延续的象征,反对者则希望借此推动政治洗牌。

但对武契奇而言,真正的风险不在于能否赢得选举,而在于选举之后。

美国政治新闻网6月报道称,因当时武契奇宣布将辞职并提前选举,欧盟原计划推进的塞尔维亚入盟相关步骤被推迟。另外,如果投票率低迷、反对派拒绝承认结果,街头抗议可能卷土重来。

即便武契奇顺利出任总理,他仍将面对一个较为紧张的政治局面。

10月25日是议会选举投票日。届时,塞尔维亚人要用手中的选票回答一个问题:这位想从总统‘退’回总理的政坛老手,究竟能否如愿。

作者:张焕迪

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 武契奇将以普通公民身份赢得10月25日的议会选举,并出任塞尔维亚总理。

    Likely · Within days

  • 塞尔维亚议会选举后,反对派可能质疑选举结果的公正性,引发新一轮街头抗议,特别是如果投票率低迷或出现舞弊指控。

    Possible · Within weeks

Open Questions

  • 武契奇在以普通公民身份参选期间,是否会继续获得国家机构的支持?
  • 若前进党赢得议会选举,武契奇是否真的会将政府机构精简至总理及最多12名部长?
  • 欧盟是否会在塞尔维亚议会选举后重新评估其入盟进程?
  • 反对派是否会接受选举结果,还是会质疑其合法性并继续街头抗议?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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