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Back三大法官拒評議卻「冠職銜」發意見!法界怒轟影響獨立審判 籲查授權收益
三大法官拒評議卻「冠職銜」發意見!法界怒轟影響獨立審判 籲查授權收益
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自由时报1 hour agoLaw3 min readChina

三大法官拒評議卻「冠職銜」發意見!法界怒轟影響獨立審判 籲查授權收益

蔡宗珍、楊惠欽、朱富美遭指冠官銜發言恐混淆裁判意見,律師籲查明授權收益與公務資源使用

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大法官蔡宗珍、楊惠欽、朱富美逾300天未參與評議卻另發法律意見並授權付費下載,遭司法界人士檢舉。資深法官與律師質疑其混淆私人評論與裁判意見、濫用職銜及公務資源,呼籲司法院查明授權收益與資訊來源。

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Why It Matters

大法官蔡宗珍、楊惠欽、朱富美被指控逾300天未參與評議,卻另發法律意見並授權付費下載,引發司法界與法律界對法官外發言及公器私用的爭議。

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大法官蔡宗珍、楊惠欽、朱富美逾300天未參與評議,另發法律意見並授權付費下載,近日遭數名司法界人士檢舉。對此,有資深法官質疑三人冠職銜、使用「本席」混淆私人評論與裁判意見,並以蘇永欽評論美河市案為例,警示裁判外發言恐影響獨立審判;律師黃帝穎籲查明資訊來源及收益,房彥輝指,若屬職務著作,個人未必有權授權。

黃帝穎批評,3人未參與評議,卻另發法律意見書,冠大法官官銜、使用「本席」等語,引發質疑公器私用,若主張屬私人學術評論,應說明案情來源,與一般民眾同樣取自公開資訊,且不應濫用職銜,司法院也應查明,是否利用職權取得案件資訊,於上班時間或使用公務資源撰文,再授權付費法律網站向民眾收費獲利?

黃帝穎提到,若三大法官主張是私人學術評論,至少要標示取得案情的方法,應與一般民眾取得公開資訊相同,更不應濫用大法官職銜、以本席名義發表意見書。檢舉內容涉及三位大法官私自發表意見書的授權及權利金,司法院書記廳回函表示轉呈大法官,但司法院仍應查明授權契約、收益及有無使用公務資源,以昭社會公信。

律師房彥輝則說,3人未參與評議卻另發法律意見,恐損及司法公信力,此部分可透過自律機制檢視。公務員雖可授權著作取得合理對價,仍不得妨礙本職或存在利益衝突;若文件屬職務上完成、非公文的著作,依著作權法,未另有約定時,著作財產權歸服務機關,擅自授權可能涉及侵權及賠償,刑責則須視具體行為與主觀犯意認定。

另有數名不願具名的資深法官對此提出「法官不語」,該核心原則是避免裁判外言論影響審判公正,正式意見書的司法地位,來自參與評議及依法提出的程序;未參與評議者事後發表的評論,不能取代程序內的不同意見書。大法官的個人見解與憲法法庭的正式裁判意見應清楚區分,避免裁判程序外的發言,被視為具有司法權威的判斷。

也有法官提及,時任大法官蘇永欽2015年在釋字第732號解釋公布後,對外表示美河市案不在該解釋範圍內、不能據此聲請再審,徐偉群當時撰文批評,大法官在裁判外對另案作出預斷,可能以其職位權威影響承審法官。問題在於,當事人能否獲得救濟,本應由法院依法審理,卻可能受到未經該案審判程序檢驗的大法官個人意見影響,危及獨立審判與程序公正。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 司法院將針對大法官授權契約及收益進行調查

    Likely · Within weeks

Open Questions

  • 三位大法官是否使用公務資源撰寫並授權該法律意見?
  • 授權契約的具體內容與收益為何?
  • 司法院將如何進行後續查明與處置?

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