
习近平与特朗普举行峰会,中国希望美国不要阻碍其崛起,尤其在贸易、科技和台湾问题上。双方仅同意将贸易休战延长几个月,而非中国期望的一年。习近平还强调台湾是红线,并讨论了人工智能安全,但未达成具体协议。峰会的华丽接待提升了其国内形象。
AI-generated summary
中美关系紧张,贸易战曾升级,双方曾互相加征高额关税。中国希望通过谈判避免冲突,维持外部环境稳定以应对国内经济挑战。
作者, 碧嘉蘭(Laura Bicker)
角色, BBC駐中國記者
发布时间: 8 分钟前
阅读时间: 2 分钟
习近平与特朗普举行峰会,有一个很清楚的目标。
中国认为,美国正试图遏制中国崛起成为超级大国,因此希望华盛顿不要阻碍中国,尤其是在贸易、科技和台湾议题上。
不过,这次访问期间,尽管特朗普以红地毯隆重迎接习近平,这位中国领导人并未得到所有他想要的东西。
中美此前暂停互相加征关税,避免贸易战进一步升级。这次双方只同意把贸易休战延长几个月,由11月延至明年1月。
北京原本希望至少延长一年,让习近平可以在特朗普剩余任期内继续维持这种局面。
这意味着关税、中国在稀土供应方面的主导地位,以及中国获得美国先进芯片等主要争议,只是再次被推迟到下一轮谈判处理。
对习近平而言,一个令人不太舒服的现实是,中国国内经济正面临困难。
中国向世界各地出口的商品数量创历史新高,但国内消费者仍然不愿增加支出。青年失业率持续高企,而在约80%的人拥有自有住房的中国,房价亦大幅下跌。
贸易正在帮助支撐经济增长,因此中国能否进入海外市场,比以往任何时候都更加重要。习近平需要保护中国出口,避免再次受到美国去年实施的高额关税重创。
在台湾议题上,习近平再次明确表示,美国对台军售是中国的红线。
根据美国法律,美国有义务向这个实行自治的岛屿提供自我防御所需的手段。
今年5月,习近平曾警告特朗普,如果处理台湾问题不当,两国就将“碰撞甚至冲突”。
特朗普随后延迟批准一项总值140亿美元的对台军售案,并形容这是与北京谈判时“非常好的筹码”。
习近平可能在此次会谈中利用这个突破口,并很可能主张,限制对台湾的支持可以降低爆发冲突的风险。
他周四再次表示,希望美国坚持反对“台独”的“正确立场”。
不过,特朗普正面临来自民主党和共和党要求继续支持台湾的压力,而他至今仍未公开回应习近平的话。
两位领导人至少讨论了人工智能,但目前仍不清楚双方是否就任何安全保障措施达成共识。
外界一直关注两人是否会就人工智能作出任何具体决定,例如同意举办人工智能峰会。
此前,人工智能公司Anthropic首席执行官达里奥·阿莫代伊(Dario Amodei)发表文章,呼吁放慢人工智能发展速度以提高安全性。该公司的一名顶级安全研究员也曾警告,人工智能导致人类灭绝的概率“高于10%”。
不过,除了习近平谈到确保人工智能“始终处于人类控制之下”的重要性之外,双方并未公布太多其他内容。
特朗普最近则把人工智能可能导致人类灭绝的担忧斥为“骗局”。
当然,也别忘了大熊猫。中国在4月首次宣布向亚特兰大赠送“平平”和“福双”,习近平如今表示,它们将在几天内抵达,标志着中国的“熊猫外交”重新展开。
随着两人在周五准备茶叙和参观美国国家档案馆,可能还会有更多宣布。
但至少到目前为止,这次峰会给北京带来的其中一项最大收获,可能是场面和观感。
豪华的接待、特朗普亲自到机场迎接,以及以芝麻脆皮鲈鱼和炖小白菜入宴的国宴,都受到不少中国民众欢迎。这有助于进一步巩固习近平在国内与特朗普平起平坐的形象。
中国社交媒体上广泛流传把两位领导人作对比的网络迷因。其中一张热门图片显示,轰炸机从上空飞过时,特朗普皱起眉来,习近平则神情不变。
习近平似乎已经找到了一套与这位全球最难预测的领导人之一打交道的方法。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
中美将在明年1月前进行新一轮贸易谈判
Likely · Within months
中国将继续通过外交努力争取延长贸易休战期限
Likely · Within months

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