隐翅虫并非“飞行的硫酸”,专家建议切勿直接拍打,应采取物理驱离方式
近期北京、河北、河南等地隐翅虫频现,引发皮肤红肿水疱。中国农业大学教授彩万志指出,气候变暖与降雨增多导致其分布北扩。专家提醒,隐翅虫不会主动攻击,应避免拍打,接触毒素后需及时用肥皂水冲洗并就医。
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隐翅虫偏爱温暖潮湿环境,近期北方地区气候条件适宜其繁殖及分布北扩。绝大多数隐翅虫无毒,仅毒隐翅虫属的部分种类可能引发皮炎。
中新网北京9月16日电(张静)近日,北京、河北、河南等多地网友反映,家中出现一种黑红相间的小虫,皮肤接触后出现红肿、水疱甚至糜烂。这种虫子就是隐翅虫,很多人称它为“飞行的硫酸”。
隐翅虫为何在北方多地增多,家里出现隐翅虫又该如何处理?中新健康记者就此采访了中国农业大学教授彩万志。
一、北方隐翅虫为何突然增多?
1.气候条件适宜。隐翅虫偏爱温暖潮湿的环境,最适宜活动温度为20℃至30℃,湿度60%至80%。今年北方夏秋雨水偏多、潮湿闷热,为其繁殖提供了窗口期。
2.降温延迟,活跃期拉长。北方秋季降温推迟,隐翅虫活动时间延长,人们接触到的机会也随之增加。
3.并非南方“入侵”,而是分布北扩。北方原本就有隐翅虫,只是过去气温较低、数量较少。近年来北方年均气温上升,适宜隐翅虫生存的气候带向北推移,城市绿化面积扩大也提供了更多栖息空间。
二、隐翅虫的危害有多大?
1.“飞行的硫酸”并不科学
硫酸是强腐蚀性强酸,会迅速灼伤并碳化组织;隐翅虫引发的是刺激性皮炎,来源于少数毒隐翅虫体液中的复杂化学物质——毒隐翅虫素,机制和伤害程度与硫酸有本质不同。
2. 被隐翅虫伤害后的常见表现
毒隐翅虫素是一种接触性毒素,接触皮肤后可引起条索状或片状红斑、水疱、脓疱,伴有灼痛感和瘙痒感,严重者可伴发热、头晕等。但一般不会危及生命,主要带来不适。
需注意:在皮肤上拍打、揉搓隐翅虫,或虫体被压碎后含毒素体液接触其他部位,都会增加皮炎风险。
三、家里有了隐翅虫怎么办?
彩万志提醒,日常防护和应对可从以下五个方面入手。
1. 认识毒隐翅虫
隐翅虫是一个很大的类群,全世界已知约七万种,中国也有四千余种。绝大部分隐翅虫无毒无害,还能捕食其他有害昆虫。只有毒隐翅虫属的种类有毒,该属之下全球有600余种隐翅虫,北京只有一两种。它们不会主动攻击人类和弹射毒液。也就是说,能引起皮炎的只是少数毒隐翅虫,公众不必过度恐慌。
毒隐翅虫体长7毫米左右,其标志性特征就是黑黄两色,身体狭长,两侧近平行,尾部尖尖的。
2. 预防进入室内
安装细密纱窗纱门;傍晚拉上窗帘再开灯,减少光源对隐翅虫的吸引;睡前检查床铺和蚊帐。高层住户也不能掉以轻心,隐翅虫后翅展开可达体长的1.5倍至2倍,足以随气流飞上高层。
3. 发现后及时处理
绝对不要用手拍打。正确的做法是用嘴吹走,或用纸张等物品将其拨落。若需要杀灭,可先用杀虫剂喷洒,在保证虫体完整的情况下用纸张捏起,冲入下水道。
4. 接触含毒素体液后及时处理
立即用大量流动清水或肥皂水持续冲洗接触部位5至15分钟。冲洗的目的是稀释并冲走皮肤表面残留的含毒素体液,减少毒素继续接触和吸收。若含毒素体液不慎入眼,只能用清水冲洗,不要使用肥皂。冲洗后可用干净冷水冰敷。皮肤没有破溃时可涂抹炉甘石洗剂;若已出现糜烂、大面积水疱或伴随发热等症状,应尽快前往皮肤科就诊。
切勿用热水清洗或揉搓患处;也不建议自行涂抹酒精、碘伏等消毒剂或牙膏等,以免刺激受损皮肤、加重不适。是否需要消毒或用药,应遵医嘱。
5. 环境管理
保持室内干燥通风,定期清洁角落、床底和窗帘后等隐蔽处,减少隐翅虫藏匿机会。

On September 16, the academic exchange conference on maternal and childbirth nutrition was held in Beijing. Experts emphasize that maternal and childbirth nutrition management should run through the entire cycle, advocate precise supplementation based on individual conditions, and launch the "Scientific Pregnancy Guard" full-cycle nutrition initiative, which aims to promote maternal and childbirth nutrition from individual practice to industry standardization.

The "Science Popularization Lecture Tour on the Prevention and Treatment of Neonatal Diseases" was officially launched in Beijing. The one-year project plans to popularize knowledge on neonatal disease prevention and treatment for grassroots medical staff and pregnant and infant families through online and offline integration, striving to cover 1 million people, aiming to build a full-chain comprehensive prevention and treatment system.

Wang Siheng, a physician at Hengxin Rehabilitation Clinic, cited a study in "Nature Aging" and pointed out that about 50% of the age-related molecular differences in the muscles of elderly people who exercise regularly for a long time will disappear. Research highlights that daily walking alone cannot completely replace the protective effect of regular training on muscle function.

Grandma Zhang, 76, suffered from 7.2-centimeter liver cancer and cirrhosis. Due to the high risk of surgery, she was transferred to the Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University for proton therapy. After 22 treatments and follow-up, the tumor has shrunk significantly to 2.5 centimeters, the alpha-fetoprotein has dropped to normal, and the condition is stable.

Hong Kong aims to cut premature chronic disease deaths to 6.9 percent by 2030 through primary healthcare investments. Chief Executive John Lee Ka-chiu also announced plans for the city's first integrated ambulatory care hospital.

Artist Chen Jianzhou was sent to hospital for surgery due to acute myocardial infarction. Physician Hong Weijie pointed out that 33% of myocardial infarction patients have no chest pain symptoms when they arrive at the hospital, and they are easily misdiagnosed and delayed in seeking medical treatment. The public is reminded to pay attention to atypical warning signs such as out of breath and cold sweat, and do not drive or wait by yourself.