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Back山西能源转型新路径:太原理工大学团队用科技重塑煤炭产业
山西能源转型新路径:太原理工大学团队用科技重塑煤炭产业
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中国新闻网yesterdayEnergy6 min readChinaView translation

山西能源转型新路径:太原理工大学团队用科技重塑煤炭产业

从“卖煤炭”到“卖服务”,王美君教授团队通过分子层面智能配煤技术,为传统能源产业寻找重生密码

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太原理工大学王美君教授团队通过四十年的煤科学研究,开发出智能配煤技术,帮助焦化行业降低成本超20亿元。该团队主张通过技术创新实现煤炭资源高效利用,并提出从“卖煤炭”向“卖服务”转型的产业构想,为山西能源转型提供新思路。

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Why It Matters

山西作为中国能源大省,长期以来以煤炭产业为支柱。在“双碳”背景下,如何实现传统能源产业的清洁高效利用成为关键课题。

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中新网太原9月4日电 (任丽娜)在中国能源转型的宏大叙事中,“去煤”二字常被视作唯一答案。但在山西,这座被煤炭定义了数百年的土地上,一群科研工作者正给出另一种回答:不放弃煤,而是重新“读懂”煤。

太原理工大学王美君教授团队,依托国家重点实验室平台,用四十年的学术传承、十余年的产业深耕,在煤的分子世界里寻找传统产业的重生密码。他们的专利技术获得第二十六届中国专利优秀奖,系列成果连续两次获得山西省科技进步一等奖;全行业超20亿元的成本节省;一项从“卖煤炭”到“卖服务”的产业构想——讲述的不仅是一个科研团队的故事,更是一座能源大省在“双碳”时代如何重新定位自己的深层思考。

山西要重新“用好”每一种煤

“读完硕士就返乡内蒙古搞煤化工”——这是王美君到太原理工大学的初心,但当他一头扎进煤的科研世界后,一路深耕,从硕士读到博士,最终选择留在太原理工大学省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室持续攻关,为能源转型提供技术支撑。彼时,宁夏煤制油已显山露水,现代煤化工热潮涌动。

“山西的煤,基因里写的是‘炼焦’。”王美君说。宁夏、新疆的煤适合气化、液化,而山西以炼焦煤为主的资源禀赋,决定了它若盲目复制现代煤化工模式,无异于让短跑运动员去进行长距离游泳——既不经济,也不科学。

这一判断并非书斋里的空想。数据显示,山西焦炭产量占全国五分之一,但优质炼焦煤资源日渐稀缺,高硫煤占比高达三分之一。与此同时,中国钢铁工业对焦炭的刚性需求长期存在。如何在资源约束与产业需求之间找到平衡点?王美君团队的答案是:不是不用煤,而是重新“用好”每一种煤。

让稀缺资源发挥最大战略价值

2014年,山西省一项重大科技专项将王美君引向了产业一线。彼时,太钢每年因焦炭质量波动承受巨大成本压力。团队带着对“中硫煤”的评价数据走进钢厂,发现这种长期被忽视的煤种,经科学配比后性价比惊人。短短5个多月,太钢因此节省3000余万元。

这笔“意外之财”背后,是一场从“分子层面”发起的认知革命。传统配煤依赖经验与工业指标,而王美君团队提出“衍构成焦机理”,从煤的分子结构出发,揭示不同煤种在焦炉中的“化学反应剧本”。基于此,团队开发出基于分子层面的智能配煤技术,将高硫煤、非炼焦煤科学融入配煤方案,使入炉煤成本降低40至100元/吨。据测算,这一技术在全行业推广后,累计为企业节省超20亿元。

更深远的意义在于资源保护。王美君算了一笔账:通过配煤技术,原本无法用于炼焦的动力煤、化工煤得以进入焦化流程,山西优质主焦煤则被“省”下来。“这就好比把好钢用在刀刃上,让稀缺资源发挥最大战略价值。”

三代人的“冷板凳”与持续科技成果的涌现

近日,太原理工大学王美君团队“一种利用高硫炼焦的硫分定向脱除方法”这项技术斩获中国专利优秀奖。2026年初,“煤结构演化与反应调变的炼焦配煤新技术开发与应用”获得2024年度山西省科技进步一等奖。四十载的持续耕耘,三代人的薪火传承,从谢克昌院士到王美君这一代,太原理工大学始终围绕煤科学基础研究深耕。王美君说,“我们不是追热点的人,我们是煤科学的‘守门人’。”

这种“守”,不仅是对学术方向的坚守,更是对产业路径的冷静判断。在王美君看来,山西焦化产业当前最大的矛盾,并非产能过剩本身,而是如何在微利时代找到转型动力。“焦化企业85%至90%的成本来自入炉煤,配煤降本是帮企业活下去,产业链延伸才是帮企业活得更好。”

从“卖煤炭”到“卖服务”的产业突围

王美君提出一个大胆设想:山西不应再大规模批复新建焦化厂,而应依托全球最集中的炼焦煤资源、最成熟的焦化装备和最前沿的技术团队,从“卖煤炭”转向“卖服务”——将配煤技术、焦炉运维、煤质大数据分析打包输出到国内外,实现“晋煤出海”。

这一设想正在照进现实。团队与焦煤、太钢、金鼎、湖南钢铁等企业开展产学研合作,合作企业今日智库在全国布局20多个煤质检测中心,形成了面向全国炼焦煤产业的数字煤焦底座雏形,推动煤炭产业数字化转型。与此同时,黄河流域生态保护战略下的环保红线,倒逼企业通过降本增效实现减污降碳。

“用科技为传统产业赋予新生命”

对于政策层面,王美君建议,国家及省级层面应加强对传统产业转型的引导,关注复合型人才培养与知识产权保护,避免民营企业在微利下陷入重复竞争。“作为资源大省,山西的使命,是为中国钢铁和能源兜底,同时用科技为传统产业赋予新生命。”

在太原理工大学实验室里,王美君的学生们正在分析着一组组新的配煤数据。在他们身后,是四十年的煤科学积淀,是一个传统产业在科学指引下的静水深流,也是一代代煤科学“守门人”对能源转型最务实的回答。

中国能源转型,不是非此即彼的告别,而是因煤制宜的重生。

Open Questions

  • 智能配煤技术在全国范围内的推广速度如何?
  • 从卖煤炭到卖服务的商业模式转型面临哪些具体市场阻力?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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