
哈佛醫學院附屬達納-法伯癌症研究所與23andMe團隊分析超過330萬人基因資料,發現罕見先天遺傳性EGFR T790M變異與不吸菸者肺癌風險高度相關,在從未吸菸者中帶因者相對風險高出逾60倍,但該變異極罕見,全美平均約每1萬5000人僅有1人攜帶。
AI-generated summary
許多肺癌患者一生從未吸菸,臨床上難以解釋發病原因。目前肺癌篩檢主要依據吸菸史等條件進行。
2026/09/26 11:45
醫療院所進行低劑量電腦斷層(LDCT)肺癌篩檢。最新研究發現,罕見先天遺傳性EGFR T790M變異與不吸菸者肺癌風險高度相關。(資料照)
〔編譯陳成良/綜合報導〕許多肺癌患者一生從未吸菸,臨床上往往難以解釋發病原因。一項分析逾330萬人的大型基因研究發現,部分不吸菸者的罹癌風險可能源自先天遺傳;在從未吸菸者中,帶有特定罕見基因變異者,罹患肺癌的相對風險比未帶因者高出逾60倍。
美國《時代雜誌》(TIME)報導,這項由哈佛醫學院附屬的達納-法伯癌症研究所(Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)與個人基因檢測公司23andMe團隊進行的研究,已刊登於《科學》期刊。研究人員分析超過330萬名參與者的去識別化基因資料,發現不論是否吸菸,帶有該變異者的肺癌整體風險約為未帶因者的25倍。
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這項變異為表皮生長因子受體(EGFR)基因上的「T790M」,屬於先天遺傳自父母、存在於全身細胞的生殖系變異,而非肺癌發生後才在腫瘤中出現的後天突變。在從未吸菸族群中,帶因者風險高出60倍以上;但研究團隊強調,這是兩組人群的相對風險比較,並非一般不吸菸者的罹癌機率憑空暴增60倍。
罕見變異曝光 未來能否納入肺癌篩檢?
研究指出,這項變異相當罕見,全美平均約每1萬5000人僅有1人帶有。此外,研究未發現T790M與另外17種常見癌症存在相同的風險關聯。
這項發現讓醫界開始探討遺傳資訊納入早期篩檢的可行性。目前各國肺癌篩檢主要依據吸菸史等條件,達納-法伯研究團隊正推動後續研究,評估未來是否能針對具遺傳風險的非吸菸者,安排個人化的低劑量電腦斷層(LDCT)追蹤。
不過,研究團隊強調,目前結果僅確認該遺傳變異與肺癌的強烈關聯,尚不代表所有不吸菸者都需要接受檢測,現行篩檢指引也未改變。未來是否能依遺傳風險調整篩檢策略,仍需進一步研究確認。
☆自由電子報關心您,吸菸有害健康☆
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
未來可能針對具遺傳風險的非吸菸者安排個人化的低劑量電腦斷層追蹤
Possible · Within months

Alcohol-based "indicator drugs" such as Polyreta B and Visby have been flowing into the labor market at low prices and illegally for a long time. They enjoy the advantage of being exempt from tobacco and alcohol taxes, which may increase the risk of cancer, liver cirrhosis and industrial safety among grassroots workers. Minister of Health and Welfare Shi Chongliang said that he will strengthen the promotion of drug use and instruct the Food and Drug Administration to discuss with the industry whether to adjust product classification. Studies have shown that Taiwanese workers consume high concentrations of such drinks, with one in five people having the habit of drinking. However, 75% do not know the recommended daily amount and alcohol concentration, which can easily lead to health and safety risks.

Xie Xiaoyun, an obstetrician and gynecologist at Taichung Veterans General Hospital, pointed out that due to the influence of hormonal changes before and after women's menopause, fat distribution may shift from the buttocks and thighs to the abdomen and around the internal organs. Even if the weight does not increase, the lower abdomen will become obvious. She reminded that when losing weight after the age of 40, you should pay attention to muscle retention, changes in waist circumference and adequate protein intake to avoid muscle loss caused by eating less alone.

Hsinchu County Health Director Yin Dongcheng announced that the publicly funded influenza vaccine and the COVID-19 vaccine will be administered simultaneously on October 1. Eligible persons can be vaccinated at the same time and receive health coins. The flu vaccine will give 450 coins, and the COVID-19 vaccine will give 900 coins, which can be exchanged for health gifts at cooperative supermarkets. He also called on high-risk groups to get vaccinated in time to prevent severe illness.

During the Mid-Autumn Festival, there are frequent fake barbecue dinners. According to statistics from the CDC, 70 diarrhea clusters have been reported across the country in the past four weeks, of which 25 were found to be norovirus, accounting for nearly 90% of the detected pathogenic cases. Yan Zonghai from Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital reminded that norovirus is highly contagious and only a small number of virus particles can cause illness. He called on meat and seafood to be thoroughly cooked, separate raw and cooked food utensils, and wash hands frequently. People with symptoms should avoid handling food and rest. In serious cases, seek medical treatment as soon as possible to prevent dehydration or worsening of the condition.

Internet celebrity physician Carlos Jaramillo analyzed the scientific evidence of blueberries on blood vessels, brain and intestinal flora. He pointed out that the absorption rate of anthocyanins is low and requires intestinal microbial metabolism. 150 grams of blueberries per day for 6-12 weeks can improve vascular endothelial function, but does not directly lower blood pressure or blood sugar. Long-term consumption can reduce the risk of myocardial infarction by 34%. It has a cognitive improvement effect on people with mild cognitive decline, but it is not suitable for young people to improve their brain power. It is recommended to eat in moderation and consult a professional.

The myopia rate among primary school children in Kaohsiung City reaches 45.91%, which is higher than 36.8% in Tokyo, Japan. Experts point out that the causes of myopia include an increase in the use of electronic products and a decrease in outdoor activities. It is recommended to observe visual abnormalities from infancy, implement the "20-20-20" principle of eye use, increase outdoor activities to 2 hours a day or 14 hours a week, and conduct regular examinations to prevent and treat pseudo and true myopia.