
美國國際貿易法院週三審查美國總統川普以強迫勞動為由對60個貿易夥伴徵收的301關稅,原告稱關稅超越總統權限且未符合法律調查要求,政府則主張無需以形而上學的确定性證明強迫勞動影響即可徵稅,預計未來幾週將有書面裁決。
AI-generated summary
川普先前的全面關稅曾被最高法院推翻,其後以強迫勞動為由對60個貿易夥伴課徵301關稅,範圍幾乎涵蓋所有進口商品,引發小企業與多州的法律挑戰。
美國國際貿易法院週三(30日)針對美國總統川普的強迫勞動關稅進行審查。(彭博資料照)
〔財經頻道/綜合報導〕美國國際貿易法院週三(30日)針對美國總統川普最新全球關稅的法律和事實根據進行審查,使川普的關稅政策再次面臨挑戰。
《路透》報導,川普先前的全面關稅被最高法院推翻後,以「強迫勞動」為由,對60個貿易夥伴課徵301關稅,範圍幾乎涵蓋所有進口商品。
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4家小型企業和25個由民主黨領導的州認為,針對歐盟、中國在內的60個貿易夥伴進口商品徵收的關稅遠超出了總統的權限。代表小企業的律師沙阿(Pratik Shah)告訴法庭,川普政府濫用了一項僅提供給「嚴格限制」關稅授權的法律。
沙阿指出,川普政府急於徵收新關稅,卻跳過了對每項關稅進行具體調查,以證明合理性的法律要求。沙阿將這些關稅與川普第一個任期內根據同一法條徵收的關稅進行了比較,當時美國貿易代表確實公佈了每一國的報告,並針對每個經濟體量身制訂關稅。
沙阿直言,即使政府要以驚人的速度去做這件事,試圖覆蓋整個世界,仍必須滿足法律要求。
代表美國司法部的漢米爾頓(Eric Hamilton)表示,美國貿易代表已徹底評估了國際貿易中強迫勞動生產的商品普遍程度。他指出,政府無需以「形而上學的確定性」證明強迫勞動勢美國商業的「負擔」,就能徵收關稅。
原告請求法院撤銷這些關稅,法院也可以做出範圍更窄的裁決,要求政府重新進行調查,提供更多關於關稅的細節和理由,就像法院對川普第一任期內的一些關稅政策所做的那樣。
分別由歐巴馬、川普、拜登3位總統任命的3名法官組成的小組在曼哈頓聽取了有關訴訟的辯論,專家小組預計將在未來幾週內發佈書面裁決。
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AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
美國國際貿易法院將在未來幾週內發佈書面裁決,可能要求政府重新進行關稅調查並提供更詳細依據。
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