
AI-generated summary
Germany has phased out nuclear energy and is aiming to phase out coal, with 2030 being discussed as a political goal.
Even people close to the Greens now admit that it might have been better to let the last three nuclear power plants run longer. And that it was perhaps wrong to declare a coal phase-out in 2030 as a political goal, even though the law only states 2038 as the end year for coal.
The rapid end to nuclear power in the midst of a serious energy supply crisis and the rapid phase-out of coal, which is well underway, are proving to be a heavy burden for the entire economy. In retrospect, a little less enthusiasm in the exits would have been sensible.
The weaknesses of the decisions taken in previous years are becoming apparent these days. The shortage of secured electricity generation capacity - i.e. systems that, unlike wind turbines and photovoltaic systems, can be switched on and off regardless of the weather - is reflected in high prices.
If electricity production from renewable sources is not sufficient to cover demand, gas-fired power plants must be switched on. The high gas prices drive up electricity prices during these phases.

Due to heavily depleted gas storage facilities and the threat of high prices in winter, Katherina Reiche's ministry is preparing an emergency law that provides for a comeback of old coal and oil power plants as an emergency reserve.

The debate about Germany's nuclear phase-out is flaring up again in view of high electricity prices. Patrick Graichen (Greens) admits that continued operation in 2023 would have lowered prices, while experts and the IEA criticize the decision as an energy policy mistake.

According to media reports, the federal government is planning to use coal and oil power plants as a reserve for gas shortage crises. The aim is to save natural gas for industry and private households by using these power plants to generate electricity.

The Prime Ministers of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg criticize the federal procurement practice for back-up power plants and are calling for more capacity for southern Germany. A study by the consultancy Enervis puts the additional costs of power plant conversions compared to new buildings at around 9.6 billion euros over 15 years.
The Ministry of Economic Affairs plans to bring coal and oil power plants back from reserves in order to save natural gas in the event of a gas shortage. This is intended to reduce dependence on geopolitical tensions in the Middle East and increase security of supply.

The federal government is planning to build a national gas reserve of 24 terawatt hours as a crisis buffer. Financing is provided through a surcharge for gas customers, while existing fill level requirements for storage facilities expire in March 2027.