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BackLa crise migratoire à Ceuta et ses racines historiques dans la conquête portugaise de 1415
La crise migratoire à Ceuta et ses racines historiques dans la conquête portugaise de 1415
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Le Figaro Actualités1 hour agoWorld1 min readFranceView translation

La crise migratoire à Ceuta et ses racines historiques dans la conquête portugaise de 1415

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La crise migratoire actuelle à Ceuta, enclave espagnole en Afrique, trouve ses origines dans la conquête portugaise de la ville en 1415, motivée par l'esprit de croisade et la rivalité avec la Castille pour le contrôle de Gibraltar face au royaume nasride de Grenade.

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Why It Matters

Ceuta, située à quinze kilomètres de l'Espagne sur la rive sud du détroit de Gibraltar, a été conquise par les Portugais en 1415 alors qu'ils poursuivaient une esprit de croisade après la reconquête de leur territoire face aux musulmans.

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La crise migratoire à Ceuta et ses conséquences politiques en Espagne et en Europe ne peuvent être comprises sans le recul de l’histoire. Ceuta, dernière possession européenne en Afrique à subsister avec Melilla, est aussi la plus ancienne. Située sur la rive méridionale du détroit de Gibraltar et distante de l’Espagne d’une quinzaine de kilomètres, la ville a été prise par les Portugais en 1415. À l’époque, les rois du Portugal, qui avaient achevé la reconquête de leur pays sur les musulmans un siècle et demi plus tôt, sont encore animés d’un esprit de croisade et passent désormais à l’offensive. Pourquoi choisissent-ils Ceuta, port de commerce et petite cité? Sans doute parce que le célèbre rocher de Gibraltar qui lui fait face, alors sous contrôle de la dynastie musulmane des Nasrides qui règnent encore à Grenade, est déjà convoité par les Castillans qui s’approchent et brûlent de faire tomber le dernier royaume maure de la péninsule Ibérique. Or les Portugais, longtemps en guerre avec…

Open Questions

  • Quelles étaient les motivations exactes des Portugais au-delà de l'esprit de croisade mentionné dans l'article ?
  • Comment la conquête de Ceuta a-t-elle influencé les relations futures entre l'Espagne et le Portugal concernant les enclaves nord-africaines ?

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This article was originally published by Le Figaro Actualités.

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