
未成年者への不法行為対象に損賠請求の時効も論点
法務省は30日、SNS中傷に対する慰謝料引き上げや、未成年者の性犯罪被害における損害賠償請求の時効見直しなどを議論するため、民法の「不法行為」規定に関する研究会の初会合を東京都内で開催した。
AI-generated summary
不法行為に関する規定は1896年の民法制定時から大きく変わっていない。近年はインターネット普及に伴う人格権侵害が深刻化している。
SNS上の誹謗(ひぼう)中傷に対する慰謝料引き上げなどに向け、法務省は30日、民法が定める「不法行為」規定の在り方に関する研究会(座長・山本敬三早稲田大教授)の初会合を東京都内で開いた。子どもの性犯罪被害を巡る損害賠償請求の時効見直しや死後の人格権保護も論点となる。
不法行為は他人の権利・利益を侵害し、損害賠償の対象となる行為。これに関する規定は1896年の民法制定時から大きく変わっていない。近年、インターネットの普及に伴って、プライバシー権や名誉権、肖像権など人格権侵害が深刻化しており、見直しを求める声が高まっている。
慰謝料額は通常、過去の判例を参考に裁判所の裁量で決まる。法務省が4月に公表した調査によると、インターネットでの権利侵害に対する損害賠償請求事件118件の46.6%が慰謝料30万円未満。研究会ではこうした実情を踏まえ、被害の内容や行為の悪質性など、慰謝料算定の際に考慮すべき要素を民法に明記できないか検討を進める。
生命・身体の侵害に対する損害賠償請求権の時効は被害と加害者を知ったときから5年。ただ、未成年者が性犯罪の被害を受けた場合、事実を打ち明けられるようになるまで時間がかかるケースもある。刑事訴訟法では未成年の性犯罪被害者が成人してから時効を起算することになっており、研究会では同様の対応を取れないか検討する。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
研究会での民法見直しに向けた議論の継続
Very likely · Within months

Prosecutor Daisuke Tabuchi (54) of the Special Investigation Department of the Osaka District Public Prosecutors Office was charged with assaulting and abusing a special public servant after he said things like ``I don't want the prosecution'' during an interrogation in December 2019.In the opening statement of the trial on the 6th, the defense argued that the case did not fall under ``insult or abuse'' under Article 195, Paragraph 1 of the Penal Code. Although the audio and video recordings of the interrogation were shocking, he urged that judgment should be made comprehensively, taking into account the intent of the person's words and actions and how the suspect was perceived.

Daisuke Tabuchi, a former prosecutor who was charged with assaulting and abusing a special public servant for using abusive language during an interrogation by the Osaka District Public Prosecutors Office's Special Investigation Department, was in his fourth trial at the Osaka District Court, where his defense argued that he was innocent, saying, ``I pointed out the case harshly because I wanted him to tell the truth.''

In a lawsuit over the inheritance of Kosuke Nozaki, known as the ``Don Juan of Kishu,'' the Supreme Court has decided to dismiss Nozaki's brother's appeal. The validity of his will, which states that he will donate all of his assets worth over 1.3 billion yen to Tanabe City, Wakayama Prefecture, has been confirmed.

In a case in which voice actor Kenjiro Tsuda, whose voice was imitated by generative AI, sued the management of TikTok, the Tokyo District Court made the first ruling that ``voice is also subject to publicity rights.'' Although the claim was dismissed because the video has already been deleted, it is likely to affect the protection of the rights of celebrities' voices.

In a lawsuit filed by voice actor Kenjiro Tsuda, who asked the TikTok operating company to delete a video because his voice was imitated by AI without permission, the Tokyo District Court made the first ruling that human voices are included in the protection of publicity rights. The removal request was denied because the video had already been deleted.

Civic groups announced on the 30th that they have filed a complaint with the Tokyo District Public Prosecutors Office on charges of fraudulent conduct and obstruction of business against Chairman Tetsu Katsuno, who will resign on the same day, regarding data fraud related to earthquake predictions at Chubu Electric Power Hamaoka Nuclear Power Plant.