
法務部為緩解監所超額收容,擴大易刑處分措施,但立法院民進黨黨團幹事長莊瑞雄及公職補教講師黃金喬指出,若分期追蹤、社會勞動轉銜及觀護人力不足,易刑政策反而可能將監所壓力轉嫁至地檢署及觀護系統,強調政策執行需同步檢討第一線工作負荷與資源配置,以避免易刑淪為形式或增加再犯風險。
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法務部為應對監所超額收容問題,擴大易刑處分措施,包括將罰金分期繳納上限由8期提高至12期、放寬易服社會勞動標準及修正酒駕易科罰金限制,旨在讓輕罪非暴力受刑人轉向社區執行刑罰,以減少短期入監人數。
法務部為紓解監所超額收容,擴大易刑處分措施,但書記官反映案件轉為分期或社會勞動後,仍須追蹤、催繳及處理後續程序,恐讓監所壓力轉嫁至地檢署。民進黨立法院黨團幹事長莊瑞雄表示,肯定政策目的,但第一線執行配套更要做好,「不能監所減壓,卻讓前線爆量」;警察及監所類科公職補教講師黃金喬則認為,若執行及觀護人力不足,社會勞動恐流於形式,易刑處分成效仍取決於人力與戒治資源能否到位。
莊瑞雄指出,易科罰金本來就是法律所定的刑罰執行方式,真正要處理的是刑罰執行的公平問題,同樣經法院判決、符合易科罰金條件,有能力一次繳清的人,繳完罰金就完成刑罰執行;沒有能力一次拿出這筆錢的人,卻可能因繳不出來而必須入監。因此透過合理分期或易服社會勞動,讓刑罰仍確實執行,並避免經濟能力成為能否完成易刑的關鍵,政策方向值得肯定。
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針對外界質疑政策形同「少關人」,莊瑞雄強調,「易刑不是免刑,更不是犯罪不用負責」,法院判決沒改變,刑罰也沒消失;易科罰金、分期或社會勞動,仍是在法律規範下執行刑罰,不能把改變執行方式說成縱容犯罪。
但莊瑞雄也認為,第一線書記官反映的實務問題必須正視,若分期逾期後重新進入執行程序,轉為社會勞動後未完成又回到執行端,同一案件反覆處理,確實可能增加刑事執行及觀護體系負擔。
「不能只算監所少收多少人,也要算第一線多了多少工作。」莊瑞雄表示,法務部應同步盤點分期追蹤、逾期處理、社會勞動轉銜及相關人力需求,充分聽取第一線意見。他強調,該負的法律責任一樣要負、該執行的刑罰也要執行,但同樣符合易科罰金條件,不應最後只剩「拿不拿得出這筆錢」決定能否完成易刑。
專門教授犯罪學、監獄學及監獄行刑法的國家考試專業講師的黃金喬則從刑事政策角度分析,法務部與台高檢因應監獄超收問題,研議將罰金與易科罰金分期繳納上限由8期提高至12期並得彈性延長、刪除提出擔保書狀規定、放寬易服社會勞動審酌標準,以及將酒駕不准易科罰金標準修正為「5年內3犯(含)以上」,體現「兩極化刑事政策(寬嚴並進刑事政策)」及「轉向處分」的落實。
黃金喬指出,截至115年8月25日,全國矯正機關收容6萬7639人,超額收容5255人,放寬易刑處分,可讓輕罪、非暴力受刑人轉向社區執行,降低短期入監人數,紓解監獄擁擠及戒護壓力;但這並非監所改擴建的替代方案,大量案件轉向社區後,行政負擔也可能轉嫁至地檢署及觀護系統。
至於犯罪矯治及預防再犯,黃金喬表示,依標籤理論,短期自由刑恐造成犯罪交叉感染,也可能中斷工作、家庭等社會支持;透過分期繳納、社會勞動及戒癮治療,有助維持受刑人與社區連結、促進復歸,但若執行及觀護人力不足,恐使社會勞動監督流於形式,反增再犯疑慮,放寬易刑處分能否發揮矯治效益,關鍵仍在執行人力與社區戒治資源能否同步到位。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
法務部將在未來數週內召開會議,檢討易刑處分的第一線執行配套措施
Likely · Within weeks

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