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Back写在我国最北高铁开通之际:哈伊高铁正式通车运营
写在我国最北高铁开通之际:哈伊高铁正式通车运营
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中国新闻网2 hours agoTech3 min readChinaView translation

写在我国最北高铁开通之际:哈伊高铁正式通车运营

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哈尔滨至伊春高速铁路于9月28日正式通车运营,全长318公里,设计时速250公里,结束伊春不通高铁的历史,将通行时间由约7小时压缩至约2小时。该线路穿越高寒冻土带,采用双层护筒结构等技术攻克施工难题,促进黑龙江省北部林区融入全国高铁网络,推动资源转化和区域振兴发展。

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Why It Matters

哈伊高铁是我国纬度最高的高速铁路,填补了黑龙江省北部高铁交通空白,是国家向北推进高铁网络和边疆基础设施建设的重要举措。

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新华社哈尔滨9月28日电 题:写在我国最北高铁开通之际

新华社记者李建平、董宝森、沈易瑾

9月28日,我国纬度最高的高速铁路——哈尔滨至伊春高速铁路正式通车运营。这条穿行于小兴安岭林海、跨越高寒冻土带的“钢铁巨龙”,将我国高铁版图继续向北延伸,使北疆林区接入全国高铁网络,在白山黑水间开启一条通往高质量发展的振兴之路。

“一路向北”再拓高铁版图

驶出哈尔滨站,列车沿哈伊高铁如银龙般向北飞驰。城市楼宇渐次退后,黑土沃野铺向天际,小兴安岭莽莽林海扑面而来,五花山色绵延不绝……

作为我国“八纵八横”高速铁路网“京哈—京港澳通道”的重要延伸,哈伊高铁填补了黑龙江省北部高铁交通空白,重塑北部边疆时空格局。

国铁哈尔滨局哈尔滨客运段京哈高铁车队列车长叶震介绍,哈伊高铁全长318公里,设计时速250公里,终结了“中国林都”伊春不通高铁的历史,将哈尔滨至伊春通行时间由约7小时压缩至约2小时。

“哈伊高铁大幅降低了哈尔滨与伊春之间往来的时间成本,省会城市的辐射效应将沿着这条钢轨一路向北。”经常到伊春出差的哈尔滨商人吴兴平评价道。

置于黑龙江省乃至东北地区路网体系中观察,哈伊高铁推动当地铁路布局实现新的跃升。此前,哈大齐、哈牡、牡佳高铁搭建起黑龙江省西部、东部快速客运骨架,北疆林区缺少高速铁路支撑。此次,哈伊高铁补齐北向短板,使我国最北省份的高铁网络更加完整。

这条向北延伸的高铁线,更是国家交通战略在北疆落地的生动实践。国铁哈尔滨局相关负责人介绍,我国高铁网络一路向北延伸至松嫩平原,再继续向北深入小兴安岭林区,表明国家基础设施建设不断向边疆、林区、欠发达区域倾斜,为东北兴边富民筑牢现代化交通根基。

“驯服”高寒冻土的“中国方案”

放眼全球铁路建设史,高纬度多年冻土区历来是高铁工程建设的“世界性难题”。而哈伊高铁是我国首条穿越高纬度高寒岛状冻土区的高速铁路,也为世界高寒冻土区高铁建设提供了“中国方案”。

黑龙江省北部林区高寒、高湿、冻土广布,全年温差超70摄氏度,冬季极端低温达零下40摄氏度,沿线分布14段共计5.8公里岛状多年冻土带。冻土遇暖融化、遇冷冻胀,反复形变极易导致路基沉降、轨道变形,对高铁运行安全造成严重影响。

中铁二十二局哈伊高铁铁伊项目部总工程师刘力斌介绍,多年冻土怕水、怕热,而桥梁桩基穿过冻土层深入地下,钻孔时有水进入,灌注混凝土又会释放热量。因此,施工既要尽量减少对冻土的扰动,又要为混凝土成桩创造适宜条件。建设者们想出的办法是以双层护筒结构工艺攻克冻土桩基施工难题。

“普通桩基的护筒一般只有约1.5米长,在冻土较深的地段,双层护筒会一直延伸至冻土层以下,可达六七米。”刘力斌说。钻机向下钻进,护筒同步跟进;两层护筒之间填入隔热材料,既减少混凝土施工产生的热量向周围冻土传递,也减轻外部低温对混凝土成桩的影响。

寒冷对高铁建设的影响不仅停留在地下。季节不同,建设者面临的考验也不相同。

春季开江,呼兰河上的冰排裹挟而下,大块冰凌直接冲击桥墩,建设团队将桥墩优化为锐角破冰结构,使冰凌撞击后向两侧分流,减轻对桥墩的冲击。到了冬季,工地上又要想办法把温度“留”下来,智能保温棚覆盖施工现场,即使室外气温低至零下20摄氏度,棚内仍能保持10摄氏度以上的作业环境。

如今,这些针对高寒冻土、低温施工、冰雪防护的工艺与数据,为我国高铁向更高纬度挺进积累了宝贵经验。

驶向振兴的北疆战略动脉

哈伊高铁飞驰,打通了黑龙江省北部对外快速通道,将沿线“藏”在松嫩平原、小兴安岭的生态、农业、文旅等资源优势加速转化为产业优势,为黑龙江省北部县域经济、林区转型注入新动能。

伊春坐拥绿水青山和冰天雪地,多年来把森林生态旅游作为支柱产业发展,但长久受制于交通瓶颈。伊春市文化广电和旅游局局长王巍表示,哈伊高铁通车后,伊春纳入哈尔滨“两小时经济圈”,冰雪度假、森林研学、森林康养等迎来发展窗口期,形成“高铁引流、产业承接”的良好态势。

一条高铁串起“城市走廊”,让绥化、伊春等沿线城市的数百万群众直接受益。绥化居民前往哈尔滨就医、求学更加便捷,伊春林区群众走出山区更加省心,城市间商务往来、产业对接也将更加频繁……

黑龙江省社会科学院经济研究所所长孙浩进表示,哈伊高铁开通后,哈尔滨的省会辐射力沿着这一轴线纵深释放,人才、技术、资本等发展要素加速向北部县域、林区流动,助力当地优化产业结构、推动转型发展。

哈伊高铁跨越冻土、穿越群山,把小兴安岭“揽入”全国高铁网络,带给北疆林区转型发展新希望。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 哈伊高铁通车后,伊春将纳入哈尔滨‘两小时经济圈’,冰雪度假、森林研学、森林康养等产业将迎来发展窗口期。

    Likely · Within months

  • 哈尔滨的省会辐射力将沿哈伊高铁轴线纵深释放,人才、技术、资本等发展要素加速向北部县域、林区流动。

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 哈伊高铁通车后,沿线客运和货运量的具体增长数据是多少?
  • 该线路的运营维护成本在高寒冻土地区是否显著高于其他地区?
  • 后续是否有计划进一步延伸至更北地区或连接其他国际通道?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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