Back泰國總理阿努廷訪中:中泰關係向經濟、安全與科技三軌轉型
泰國總理阿努廷訪中:中泰關係向經濟、安全與科技三軌轉型
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自由时报1 hour agoPolitics4 min readChinaView translation

泰國總理阿努廷訪中:中泰關係向經濟、安全與科技三軌轉型

泰國總理阿努廷於2026年7月正式訪問中國,雙方簽署15項合作文件,並建立「2+2部長級對話機制」,標誌著兩國關係從傳統經貿合作轉向全面戰略合作。

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2026年7月,泰國總理阿努廷訪華並與習近平等高層會晤,簽署15項合作協議。雙方建立「2+2部長級對話機制」,深化軍事、科技及反犯罪合作。此舉顯示泰國在美中競爭中調整戰略平衡,並在核心利益問題上對中方立場進行更明確表態。

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Why It Matters

中泰建交進入第51年,兩國關係長期以經貿為主。近期泰國面臨跨境犯罪與區域地緣政治壓力,促使其調整外交策略。

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◎ 馬準威

2026年7月16日至20日,泰國總理阿努廷(Anutin Charnvirakul)對中國進行正式訪問,先後前往上海、成都與北京,並與中國國家主席習近平、國務院總理李強及全國人大常委會委員長趙樂際會晤,同時出席上海「2026世界人工智能大會」。這是阿努廷就任總理後首次正式訪中,也是中泰建交進入第51年的重要高層互動。雙方除發表「面向繁榮中泰命運共同體」聯合聲明外,更簽署15項合作文件,涵蓋經貿、科技、教育、公共衛生、反洗錢、北斗衛星、核融合及深空探索等領域,顯示中泰關係正從傳統經貿合作逐漸向「經濟、安全與科技」三軌並進的全面戰略合作轉型。

過去泰國外交向來具有高度彈性,在美國、中國、日本等主要強權之間維持平衡,尤其泰國身為美國盟友,並未因中泰經貿關係深化而完全倒向北京。然而此次訪問卻產生轉折,雙方決定建立由外交部長與國防部長的「2+2部長級對話機制」,此一安排意味中泰互動已不再侷限於經貿、觀光及基礎建設,而是正轉向戰略安全對話。事實上,雙方同意深化軍事交流、聯合演訓、人員培訓、資訊交流、國防科技以及非傳統安全合作。從區域戰略角度而言,這將提高中國對泰國安全政策的影響力,也可能使曼谷未來在美中競爭中採取更為明顯的「兩面交往」策略,增加自身外交迴旋空間。

本次會晤,雙方簽署15項協議,涵蓋人工智慧教育、智慧財產權、北斗導航、核融合與深空探索等新興科技。過去中國對泰投資以基礎建設與製造業為主,現在逐步轉向高科技產業鏈吸納。對泰國而言,若能利用中國資金、技術與市場加速產業升級,將有助於強化其東南亞製造中心地位;但另一方面,中國企業尤其電動車、數位科技及電子產業大量進入,也可能使泰國產業對中國供應鏈的依賴進一步增加。

近年泰國、緬甸、柬埔寨邊境的電信詐騙、人口販運、洗錢與跨境犯罪問題日益嚴重,已成為泰國重要國內政治議題。此次泰中特別同意加強情報、金融交易及犯罪調查資訊交換,共同打擊網路詐騙、人口販運與洗錢。這種合作符合泰國國內治理需求,不過也讓中國得以藉由跨境犯罪治理逐漸建立與東南亞國家執法、安全及情報部門更密切的制度性合作,從而擴大北京在中南半島安全治理體系中的角色。

「中泰聯合聲明」提出加強在「東協-中國」、「瀾滄江—湄公河」合作及ACMECS等多邊架構中的協調。中國正在嘗試把雙邊關係延伸至湄公河與東協區域治理層次。對泰國而言,與中國深化合作提高其處理泰柬、緬甸及湄公河問題的外交籌碼,但曼谷仍須留意避免過度依賴北京,否則可能壓縮其在美中之間長期維持的戰略自主性。

泰中聯合聲明,泰方重申「一個中國政策」,承認中華人民共和國政府是代表全中國的唯一合法政府,並出現「支持和平統一」及「不支持任何形式的台灣獨立」等較具政治性的文字。雖然這並不代表泰國將完全追隨中國的對臺政策,但北京顯然正利用高層外交與經貿合作,要求東南亞國家在涉及臺灣等「核心利益」問題上給予更明確的政治表態。明顯的例子也包括不久前馬來西亞總理安華的「武統臺灣論」。臺灣宜多防範東協國家因為深化與中國合作,產生對臺海立場的偏頗。

阿努廷政府正在延續泰國傳統的靈活外交,在美中競爭加劇之際,安全上維持美國、經濟上深化中國、外交上強調東協中心性,藉由多方交往維持最大戰略自主空間。泰國在中國影響力持續進入中南半島的情況下,正在調整其在美中競爭中的戰略平衡比重,此變化恐影響未來南亞區域安全,也連動台海,值得持續關注。

Open Questions

  • 泰國如何在美中競爭中長期維持戰略自主?
  • 中泰2+2對話機制對區域安全架構的具體影響為何?

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