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Back일본 법원, 18세 미만 미성년자 선거 운동 금지 규정 위헌 판결
일본 법원, 18세 미만 미성년자 선거 운동 금지 규정 위헌 판결
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연합뉴스1 hour agoWorld2 min readSouth KoreaView translation

일본 법원, 18세 미만 미성년자 선거 운동 금지 규정 위헌 판결

Quick Look

도쿄지방재판소는 18세 미만 미성년자의 선거 운동을 금지한 공직선거법 조항이 표현의 자유를 보장하는 헌법 제21조에 위배된다며 위헌이라고 판결했으나, 미성년자를 이용한 선거 운동 금지는 합헌으로 판단했다.

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

일본은 18세 미만 미성년자의 선거 운동을 금지하고 위반 시 1년 이하의 구금형에 처하는 공직선거법을 두고 있다. 원고 4명은 지난해 2월 고등학생 신분으로 해당 규정이 위헌이라며 국가를 상대로 손해배상 소송을 제기했다.

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(도쿄=연합뉴스) 조성미 특파원 = 일본에서 18세 미만 미성년자의 선거 운동을 금지한 규정이 위헌이라는 법원의 판단이 나왔다.

26일 도쿄신문 등에 따르면 도쿄지방재판소(지방법원)는 전날 미성년자의 선거운동을 처벌 규정과 함께 금지한 공직선거법 조항이 표현의 자유를 보장하는 헌법 제21조에 위배된다고 판결했다.

일본은 지방법원 단계에서도 법률의 위헌 여부에 대한 판결을 할 수 있다.

원고 4명은 고등학생이었던 지난해 2월 미성년자는 선거 운동에 참여할 수 없도록 한 공직선거법이 위헌이라고 소송을 제기하며 국가를 상대로 1인당 10만엔(약 86만원)의 손해배상을 청구했다.

일본 공직선거법은 18세 미만 미성년자가 직접 선거 운동을 하거나 보호자 등이 미성년자를 선거 운동에 이용하는 행위를 모두 금지하며 위반 시 1년 이하의 구금형 등에 처한다.

우리나라 공직선거법 역시 18세 미만 미성년자의 선거 운동을 허용하지 않고 있다.

일본 정부 측은 해당 규정이 부당한 선거 운동에 아동·청소년이 휘말리지 않도록 하기 위한 것이라며 정당성을 주장했다.

그러나 재판부는 미성년자가 자신의 관심이나 가치 판단에 따라 선거 운동에 참여하는 것을 법령으로 금지할 근거를 찾기 어렵다며 금지 규정을 필요하고 합리적인 조치로 인정할 수 없다고 판시했다.

다만, 18세 미만을 이용해 선거 운동을 하는 행위 금지는 보호자 등에 의해 본인 의사에 반하는 선거 운동을 하게 될 가능성을 차단한다며 합헌으로 판결했다.

재판부는 원고가 선거 운동을 포기했을 당시 국회에서 해당 규정의 타당성을 검토할 계기가 있었다고 보기 어렵다는 이유로 국가의 입법 의무 불이행을 인정하지 않았고 이에 따른 손해배상 청구도 기각했다.

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 일본 정부가 해당 판결에 따라 공직선거법 개정을 검토할 것

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 이 판결이 상급 법원에서 유지될지 여부
  • 일본 정부가 해당 판결에 따라 법을 개정할 계획인지
  • 한국에서도 유사한 헌법 소송이 제기될 가능성

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This article was originally published by 연합뉴스.

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