
菲律賓披索兌美元匯率創新低,經濟官員及業界警告進口成本攀升將推高物價。
菲律賓披索兌美元匯率近期持續下探新低,引發經濟官員與業界關注。雖然海外菲勞家庭及出口商可能受惠,但各方警告若貶勢持續,將推高進口燃料與原物料成本,進而加劇通膨並削弱民眾購買力。
AI-generated summary
菲律賓披索兌美元匯率近期跌破62披索關卡,自小馬可仕2022年上任以來累計貶值逾13%。
(中央社記者林行健馬尼拉5日專電)菲律賓披索兌美元匯率持續走弱,雖然海外菲勞家庭和出口產業可能受惠,但經濟官員及業界警告,若貶勢持續,進口燃料、原物料成本都將攀升,推高物價並最終削弱民眾購買力。
菲律賓披索匯率繼今年8月首度跌破62披索兌1美元關卡後,近期持續下探低點,9月1日以62.4披索兌1美元收市,2日再貶至62.56披索;4日盤中進一步觸及62.65披索,最後以62.59披索兌1美元收市,再創新低。
菲律賓總統小馬可仕(Ferdinand Marcos Jr.)於2022年6月底上任時,披索兌美元匯率約為55.07披索兌1美元,迄今累計貶值逾13%。
財經媒體「商業天地」(BusinessWorld)引述經濟暨發展規劃部長巴里薩坎(Arsenio Balisacan)報導,美伊衝突推高國際油價,而菲律賓幾乎所有石油都仰賴進口,進一步增加美元需求,對披索造成壓力。
巴里薩坎指出,更長遠的問題是菲律賓進口成長高於出口,貿易及經常帳赤字持續擴大。長期而言,政府需要強化財政整頓,發展製造及出口產業,改善基礎建設與經商環境,並降低對進口能源的依賴。
另一方面,菲律賓每日詢問報(Philippine Daily Inquirer)報導,菲律賓有超過1000萬人在國外工作,他們匯回家鄉的美元兌換成披索後金額增加,有助提升這些家庭的消費能力。
此外,海外買家而言,菲律賓出口貨品也將因披索疲弱而更具價格競爭力。
但報導引述製造業團體菲律賓產業聯合會(FPI)會長李伊(Elizabeth Lee)警告,儘管披索貶值可能帶動菲律賓出口,且出口商以披索計算的收入將會增加,但由於菲律賓高度依賴進口投入品,這些利處可能會被抵消。
李伊指出,菲律賓的進口貨品當中,超過85%是工廠生產所需的原料、半成品、資本設備及燃料,因此披索貶值不僅讓進口貨品變貴,也會增加製造、電力、運輸及物流成本。
她說,在信貸緊縮、利率偏高環境下,企業被迫將進口落地成本增幅轉嫁給消費者,這將抑制市場需求,導致商家銷售量下滑。
面對披索持續走弱,菲律賓總統府發言人卡斯楚(Claire Castro)3日曾回應,政府將聚焦於財政自律及更有效運用公帑;總統府文官長辦公室(OES)預期菲律賓央行會在必要時干預,以降低匯率波動。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
菲律賓央行將在必要時介入干預匯市
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