Breaking
CNStarbucks launches the Mid-Autumn Festival Friends Sharing Day buy-one-get-one-free offer, and the Peanuts co-branded series and autumn limited coffee are on sale at the same timeRUPakistan carried out airstrikes on 10 drone launch and storage sites in AfghanistanTRChina US Summit: Trade, Technology and Security on the AgendaJPPresident Xi Jinping makes state visit to the United States, welcomed by President TrumpITItaly exits in the quarterfinals of EuroVolley 2026: Finland wins 3-2 at PalaVelaARPakistani security forces thwart an infiltration attempt from Afghanistan and exchange fire with the TalibanAUAustralia faces diesel rationing risk if US export ban proceeds, analyst warnsINTrump welcomes Xi at US airport with elaborate military receptionCNJingshuo’s share price hits new high, net profit in August increased by 353.89% year-on-yearGLOBALU.S. and China Extend Trade Truce to Keep Tariffs Lower and Rare Earths FlowingCNStarbucks launches the Mid-Autumn Festival Friends Sharing Day buy-one-get-one-free offer, and the Peanuts co-branded series and autumn limited coffee are on sale at the same timeRUPakistan carried out airstrikes on 10 drone launch and storage sites in AfghanistanTRChina US Summit: Trade, Technology and Security on the AgendaJPPresident Xi Jinping makes state visit to the United States, welcomed by President TrumpITItaly exits in the quarterfinals of EuroVolley 2026: Finland wins 3-2 at PalaVelaARPakistani security forces thwart an infiltration attempt from Afghanistan and exchange fire with the TalibanAUAustralia faces diesel rationing risk if US export ban proceeds, analyst warnsINTrump welcomes Xi at US airport with elaborate military receptionCNJingshuo’s share price hits new high, net profit in August increased by 353.89% year-on-yearGLOBALU.S. and China Extend Trade Truce to Keep Tariffs Lower and Rare Earths Flowing
Back太空算力,“联”是关键
太空算力,“联”是关键
Developing
中国新闻网1 hour agoTech3 min readChinaView translation

太空算力,“联”是关键

Quick Look

中国正推进太空算力卫星发展,从单星计算到星座组网再到算力星网,通过星间互联实现数据在轨处理,提升响应速度至分钟或秒级,应用于气象预警、野火监测等领域,但面临散热、成本和调度等技术挑战,国家政策支持商业航天发展以加速太空互联网建设。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

太空算力是指将计算能力送入太空,通过卫星实现数据在轨处理,减少地面站依赖,提升响应速度。目前发展经历单星计算、星座组网、算力星网三个阶段。

Font size

太空算力,“联”是关键

日前,中科宇航力箭一号运载火箭在东风商业航天创新试验区一飞冲天,顺利入轨的9颗卫星中,“超智算一号”“鹏城南科一号”等卫星具备星载AI智算能力。自从“太空算力”热起来,算力卫星或具备智算能力的卫星正成为航天领域的新宠,“算力上天”“在轨AI”也成了惹眼的概念。

抛开直观、热闹的发射场面不说,应急、气象、科研等一线用户最关心的,不外乎这几件事:天上的算力,值不值那笔运费?卫星能不能自己“商量”着干点数据处理的活儿?数据多久能到我们手上?

“天感地算”到“天感天算”

“快”是核心

很多卫星的工作方式像快递员,在天上收集数据,等飞过地面站时把“包裹”传下来,由“中转站”——地面数据中心解析后再分发给用户。

受地面站资源、带宽等因素限制,只有不到1/10的有效卫星数据能传回地面,且数据时效性差。如此一来,不仅“物流慢”,随着卫星数量越来越多,“包裹”量急剧增长,“中转站”的调度运行压力也越来越大,卫星数据大量浪费在所难免。

“我们要构建太空计算星座,把算力送到太空,实现计算卫星之间的互联互通,进而把人工智能送上天。”中国工程院院士、之江实验室主任王坚所言,代表了一种解决问题的思路:把算力搬上天,让“天上的事情天上干”。

2025年,全球首个整轨互联的太空计算星座——三体计算星座首批12颗卫星顺利升空。同年11月,该星座通过星载“地表异常检测模型”发现我国西北某地一起火情,并自动对火点烟雾范围进行有效识别。“数据在太空中处理,处理结果直接送到用户手中,效率可提升至分钟级,甚至秒级。”三体计算星座技术总师李超说。

今年7月,搭载3个AI气象模型的西光贰号03星入列三体计算星座。该卫星可在天上直接产出预报结果,将观测预警流程从传统气象卫星的90分钟压缩至分钟级响应,让台风路径预判、城市内涝预警、电网防灾调度等变得更快更准。

“快”,不仅是信息获取效率的跃升,更是把卫星从被动的记录者转变为主动的判断者。从“天感地算”到“天感天算”,太空算力真正缩短的,不只是数据传输的距离,更是我们从“看见”到“知道”的距离。

“单打独斗”到“团队协作”

算力星网

单颗卫星的容量和算力有限,若不能与其他卫星互联并接入业务流程,再高的算力也只是昂贵的摆设。

“从技术演进和产业规模来看,太空算力的发展可以划分为三个阶段。”中国信息通信研究院云计算与大数据研究所总工程师郭亮将太空算力的发展路径概括为三个阶段——单星计算、星座组网、算力星网。

当前,我国太空算力产业正从理论探索迈入在轨验证和初步组网阶段,即依托星间链路,将多颗卫星连接成一个太空局域网。单星算力不足时,可以调用邻近卫星的闲置算力,实现任务的分布式处理和星间资源动态调度。

以三体计算星座为例,该星座目前已实现6星建链、3星分布式业务,星座在轨算力达5POPS(每秒5千万亿次计算),单星算力最高744TOPS(每秒744万亿次计算),已成功部署20个AI模型,包括全球在轨参数最大的80亿参数天基遥感模型和80亿参数天基天文时域模型,可以在2天内完成模型部署和在轨更新,支持深空探测、协作水资源测绘、大气监测、自主野火监测等应用场景。

在中国科学院院士、中国工程院院士李德仁看来,不仅要星与星互联,还要把通信、导航、遥感、算力四种异构卫星“联”成一体。

由李德仁团队主导建设的智能遥感卫星系统——东方慧眼星座,计划将150颗高分辨率光学卫星、100颗雷达卫星、4颗高光谱卫星及4颗热红外卫星,通过激光通信“联”成网,构建起“通导遥算”一体化空天信息实时智能服务体系。“那时,每个人都可以在手机上发送请求,卫星将所需信息加工好,几分钟内就能精准送达,大家可以像玩微信一样玩卫星。”李德仁说。

电商、即时社交、人工智能……正如互联网孕育的这些事物与形态塑造了生机勃勃的信息社会,太空互联网也必将催生无数想象之外的应用与服务场景——而通往未来的关键,就是让卫星先“联起来”。

“时尚单品”到“基础设施”

挑战重重

尽管前景广阔,但要建成真正的太空互联网,还得跨过几道坎。

第一道坎是可靠性。太空中没有空气对流,只能靠辐射散热,算力卫星的高功耗芯片如何散热,是卫星上天的先决条件而非附属工程;同时,抗辐射加固技术、星间高速激光通信、超大规模星座姿轨协同控制等,仍需要持续攻关。

第二道坎是成本。“高昂的运费是最现实的难题。”李超的担忧也是行业共识。太空互联网的价值需要星座达到一定规模后才能真正体现,当前我国卫星组网进度相对滞后,商业生态培育有待加强。此外,我国重复使用火箭正由技术验证转向工程化验证阶段,单次火箭发射搭载的卫星数量有限,成本控制尚需进一步优化。

第三道坎是从“能联网”到“能调度”的跨越。异构卫星的接口标准、算力与存储分配、单星异常时任务迁移、模型版本管理与安全回滚等都需要长期验证。

挑战重重,破解之道也逐渐清晰。2025年,《国家航天局推进商业航天高质量安全发展行动计划(2025—2027年)》印发,重要目标之一,是推动民营企业参与航天科研计划和基础科研课题,为太空互联网建设注入强劲动力。以科技创新为支点,让新型研发机构、商业航天、应用企业等多元主体串珠成链,为太空互联网建设提质加速,如三体计算星座就是由多家科研机构和企业共同打造,从立项到首发仅用时9个月。更重要的是,我国庞大的应用场景和内需市场,为太空互联网提供了丰富的“试验田”。

太空互联网离我们还有多远?答案或许就藏在每一次普通的发射中。当算力卫星褪去“时尚单品”标签,像水和电一样渗透进每个人的生活,那就是太空互联网真正到来的时刻。

(本报记者 张晓华)

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 三体计算星座将在2026年实现更多星座间链路,扩大在轨算力规模

    Likely · Within months

  • 东方慧眼星座将推动‘通导遥算’一体化服务在政务和商业领域的试点应用

    Possible · Within years

Open Questions

  • 太空算力卫星的商业化盈利模式是什么?
  • 星间激光通信的可靠性如何在恶劣空间环境中得到保障?
  • 如何解决算力卫星的散热问题以确保长期稳定运行?
  • 国家层面如何进一步降低卫星发射成本以支持星座规模化?

Related Topics

This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

Related Stories

New Zealand Cyber Security Center warns China as largest source of national cyber threats
Developing·

New Zealand Cyber Security Center warns China as largest source of national cyber threats

The New Zealand National Cyber ​​Security Center pointed out that China is the state entity with the most frequent and powerful cyber activities against New Zealand government agencies. The report shows that 86 of the 369 major cyber incidents in the past year were suspected to be related to state-sponsored forces, involving the fields of health, education and information technology.

自由时报
2 min read
Ricoh Taiwan promotes the "20/80 flip revolution": AI takes over administrative tasks and allows human resources to focus on high-value work
Developing·

Ricoh Taiwan promotes the "20/80 flip revolution": AI takes over administrative tasks and allows human resources to focus on high-value work

According to an Asana survey, 60% of modern office workers' time is spent on common tasks such as communication and coordination, document search, and administrative processes. Ricoh Taiwan promotes the "20/80 flip revolution" and uses two AI products, DocuWare AIDP and Aura, to handle document identification and contract management, reduce labor costs and improve information security, allowing employees to refocus on high value-added tasks such as judgment, communication, and innovation.

自由时报
2 min read
The first "Zhijiang Cup" National Public Security College AI Innovation Competition concluded in Hangzhou
Developing·

The first "Zhijiang Cup" National Public Security College AI Innovation Competition concluded in Hangzhou

The first "Zhijiang Cup" National Public Security College AI Innovation Competition was held in Hangzhou. A total of 29 public security colleges and more than 590 teams participated. In the end, the "Golden Shield Sailing" team of the People's Public Security University of China won the gold medal, and the "Digital Intelligence Edge" team of Zhejiang Police College and the "Xiang Police Digital Research" team of Hunan Police College won the silver prize. The winning works will be stationed in the Hangzhou Police AI Ecological Platform to promote practical applications.

中国新闻网
2 min read
Xi Jinping visits the United States to meet with Trump: The ambitions of China and the United States as AI superpowers become the focus
Developing·

Xi Jinping visits the United States to meet with Trump: The ambitions of China and the United States as AI superpowers become the focus

Xi Jinping visited the United States and met with Trump, and the competition between the two sides in the field of artificial intelligence became the focus. Trump has made it clear that the United States must defeat China and regards AI as the key to the country's success; China emphasizes open weight models and widespread application, believing that even if the technology is backward, it can gain influence through cost advantages and popularity. The two sides have differences on AI safety supervision and willingness to cooperate, but the talks are expected to list artificial intelligence as an important topic.

BBC中文
3 min read
More on this topic太空算力